A literature review of Genetically Modified crops Dissertation

A literature review of Genetically Modified crops - Dissertation ExampleIn 2008, GM crops were planted on almost 9% of the available farming land in different parts of the world (James 2008). check to The World Health Organization or WHO, communicableally modi?ed organisms atomic number 18 derived from organisms whose genetic material (DNA) has been change in a way that does not occur naturally, e.g. through the introduction of a gene from a different organism. Currently available GM foods stem mostly from plants, but in the future foods derived from GM microorganisms or GM animals are likely to be introduced on the market. Most existing genetically modify crops have been developed to improve yield, through the introduction of resistance to plant diseases or of increased margin of herbicides (WHO 2013). The engineering used for creating GM organisms allows selective genes to be relocated from one organism into another of the identical species, and between species that are non- related. Such processes are used for creating genetically modi?ed plants, which in turn start GM food crops. The crop characteristics marked as desired for GM crops and aimed by genetic applied science are from those that are targeted by processes followed during conventional breeding. However, genetic engineering gives scope for direct transfer of genetic codes across different species owing to which characters that were earlier difficult to breed through natural processes, is now created slowly under controlled conditions. Currently there are three types of traits clearly distinguished in GM crops. These appoint of the first-generation GM crops displaying vast improvements in agronomic characters, as for example, better resistance to diseases and parasites. Second-generation GM crops tend to carry improved quality characteristics, as for example, increased levels of nutrient contents in the resulting food products. Third-generation crops tend to furnish characters with speci al productivity aimed at industrial or medicinal purposes (von Braun 2007). The potential benefits of GM crops are diverse. In the current context, that shows decreasing natural resources, it is important to maintain an increase in productivity determine within worldwide agriculture for ensuring enough food availability and raw materials for a persistently increase population (von Braun 2007). Various environmental benefits are also associated with GM crops. Besides these, technologies associated with the new rootage technology have played significant role for increasing rural income and alleviating poverty levels in evolution countries (Fan et al. 2005). Furthermore, GM crops that have greater nutritional values would help in the improvement of overall consumer health (Unnevehr et al. 2007). Despite these potential benefits, the creation and use of GM crops have raised strong opposition, especially in parts of Europe, while also spreading over to other countries through media m essages, trade regulations, and activism by the different antibiotech groups (Paarlberg 2008). The primary issues concern potential health and environmental hazards, while reservations are also expressed on the possible negative social ramifications (Altieri 2001). As for example, many of the activists feel that rampant use of GM technology in the developing nations could result in undermining the traditional agricultural practice that is based on companionship setups. With rising privatization in the arena of researches related to crop improvement and