President Musharraf’s Validity and Endorsements by Supreme Court

Written by Afreen Baig Chronological record of events, that validates professorship Musharrafs election as professorship and subsequent endorsements by domineering court of law of law http//presidentmusharraf. wordpress. com/2009/02/01/musharraf-validity-by-supreme-court/ 1- On 13 May 2000, Pakistans 12 genus Phallus Supreme mash unanimously validated the October 1999 coup and granted Musharraf executive and legislative authority for 3 years from the coup date. referee Iftikhar Chaudhry was one of the settle that validated. (Link) 2- On 7 October 2002, the 5 member bench of Supreme lawcourt validated LFO and amendments to constitution.Justice Iftikhar Chaudhry was one of the judges that validated. (Link) 3- On 29 declivity 2004, PML-Q government passed the seventeenth fundamental amendment bill in National concourse, with 2/3 majority, also authorise by Senate that allowed chair Musharraf to hold forked offices. (Link) 4- Constitution of Pakistan Article 63 article ( 1) paragraph (d), read with planning to Article 41 clause (7) paragraph (b), allows the chairperson to hold duple office. 5- On 13 April 2005, the 5 member bench of Supreme royal court gave judgment in favor of 17th amendment and Presidents uniform.Justice Iftikhar Chaudhry was one of the judges that validated. (Link) 6- On 28 September 2007, the Supreme court of justice cleared the way for President Pervez Musharraf to seek another five-year term, and stand for presidential elections, when six of the nine judges, rejected a tangle of petitions against him and threw out a major legal challenge to his re-election plans. Presided by Justice Rana Bhagwandas. (Link) 7- President Musharraf was elected President of Pakistan, on 6th October 2007, by a feature electoral of the Senate, National Assembly and the FOUR Provincial Assembles. President of Pakistan state emergency on 3rd November 2007, as per Article 232 of the constitution. 9- The 10 member bench of Supreme approach (SC) on 24 November 2007 directed the caput election commissioner and the government to declare Pervez Musharraf president for a second term. (Link) 10- On 24 November 2007, the Pakistan Election Commission confirmed Musharrafs re-election as President. (Link) 11- President Musharraf won by 58% votes, declared in November 2007, as the constitutional President of Pakistan 2- On 28 November 2007, Musharraf relinquished the office of Chief of gird Staff, as per November 2007 verdict of the Supreme Court. 13- On 15 Feb 2008, the Supreme Court validated the proclamation of emergency of 3rd Nov 2007, PCO 2007 and oath of the judges. This honest court judgment was written by Chief Justice Abdul Hameed Dogar. (Link) These facts above urge on serious questions regarding the credibility of those so-called political intellects and experts of judicial matters that appear on media talk shows, accusing President Musharraf of violating the constitution, thereby desire to apply Article-6 on him.Th ey do so, merely for publicity and self exposure, overlooking the role of the court all along and misguiding the public to zenith. They should know that the Parliament and the Supreme Court, has approved and endorsed every single decision taken by President Musharraf. President Musharraf creation the President of Pakistan was the rightful authority to sign amendments to the constitution, after being approved by the Senate. Article 270-AA of the constitution gives full protection to the 17th amendment and the 1999 coup, which cannot be called into question in whatever court of the country on whatsoever ground what-so-ever.The 17th amendment was approved by the National Assembly by 2/3 majority and made into law, as tell of the constitution. Then, the Constitution (Amendment) Order, 1980, (P. O. No. 1 of 1980) section 2 clauses (3A), (3B) and (3C) give full protection and immunity to Martial Law Regulation made by the Chief Martial Law decision makers, any sentence passed by a Military Court or Tribunal, Chief Martial Law Administrator or a Martial Law Administrator or any person acting under the authority of either, and cannot be called into question in any court.Then, Article 248 clauses (1) (2) (3) (4) of the constitution, protects the President, and he shall not be answerable to any court for the exercise of powers and performance of functions of his respective office, no criminal transactions whatsoever shall be instituted or continued against the President or a Governor in any court during his term of office and no process for the arrest or imprisonment of the President or a Governor shall issue from any court during his term of office.All of President Musharrafs decisions were according to the constitution, approved by the supreme Parliament and endorsed by the Supreme Court. Despite these above mentioned facts and holds as per the constitution, if those prejudiced intellects and revenge seeking politicians, call to apply Article-6 on President M usharraf, then they should know the article in full. Article-6 clause (2) Any person aiding or abetting the acts mentioned in clause (1) shall likewise be guilty of high treason.Which clearly indicates that the Supreme Court and the Parliament itself that approved and endorsed the events from 1999 till 2007 shall be held equally responsible, for abetting, if a graphic symbol ever arises. Yet, as Article-6 itself is NOT a self governing article, that could define and instigate itself automatically, hence Article-6 turn ins a clause, leaving it to the supreme Parliament to decide, if and whenever, much(prenominal) a case arises and is brought to the attention of the Parliament.Article-6 clause (3) Majlis-e-Shoora (Parliament) shall by law provide for the punishment of persons found guilty of high treason. Other than the supreme Parliament, no other institution can approve nor apply Article-6. Afreen Baig is an independent analyst majoring in International Relations and Economics . She can be reached at emailprotected com (c) chair MUSHARRAF http//presidentmusharraf. wordpress. com/2009/02/01/musharraf-validity-by-supreme-court/

3 Types of Love in Romeo Annd Juliet Essay

Shakespeares Romeo and Juliet, a play of 2 young dealrs from opposing families is mainly based on the theme of screw and hate. Love is presented right from the start and perhaps the most(prenominal) obvious subject is different grades of contend that involved in this play. Shakespeare utilise the characters and imaginativeness to portray courtly love, duteous love and romantic love. Shakespeare use the relationship of Romeo and Rosaline, genus Paris and Juliet to present courtly love. Romeo is terribly in love with Rosaline only when the love is not returned which turns out Romeo unrequited love to Rosaline.unsympathetic up his windows, lock fair day unobjectionable out and makes himself an artificial night. (l, i, 134-135) The imagery made a depressed atmosphere, Shakespeare created a difference between light and dark, also portrayed the miserable and sorrowful feeling of Romeo. Same as Romeo, Paris loved Juliet very much. So will ye, I am sure, that you love me. (V, i, 26 ) Paris is accepted by Capulet and glad to marry Juliet tho he doesnt know that Juliet is married to Romeo secretly by mendicant Lawrence. Dutiful love is a major love that Shakespeare have presented passim the play, specially in the Capulet family. Ill look to like, if looking liking move, besides no more deep will I endart mine centre than you consent gives strength to make it fly. (l, iii, 99-101) Juliet have always been faithful and dutiful to her parents but became independent after meeting Romeo. Not proud you have, but thankful that you have. Proud can I never be of what I hate, But thankful even for hate that is meant love. (Ill, iiiii, 146-148) Shakespeare have presented dutiful love from Juliets words and sayings, he also contrasted the change of Juliets love to her parents before and after meeting Romeo.Parental love is a kind of dutiful love shown in Romeo and Juliet. Capulet and Lady Capulet wants their daughter to marry Paris Marry, my child, early next Thursday morn the gallant. young and noble gentleman, the county Paris, at Saint Peters Church, shall happily make thee there gleeful bride. (Ill, iiiii, 112-115) The loving parents arranged the marriage to lift out sorrow and to define the best for Juliet, but unfortunately their love is not what Juliet expected. Shakespeare also use the presented love in the characters speeches. Shakespeare wrote romantic love in several levels.Shakespeare sets the lovers in to opposing families, therefore, the couple feels that things will go unsatisfactorily for them. Then true love of Romeo and Juliet then increased by the controversy where Shakespeare included Tybalt to compared dutiful love and romantic love. In the end, Romeo and Juliet killed themselves due to the besotted love they both felt for each other. From fatal the fatal loins of these two foes a pair of star-crossed lovers take their life (Chorus, prologue, 5-6) Shakespeare portrayed the two lovers as stars and also beauty and love of J uliet as sun It is the East, and Juliet is the sun Arise, fair

Laptop with in Built Projector

June 5th, 2008 by Joanna Stern Beyond its Eee PC family line and sight of regular notebooks on demonstration at Computex, ASUS is showing off an enkindle prototype. In the corner of its booth is aG1 lap tipwith a in make projector. Sure we have all heard ab come out of the closet the possiblity of mini-projectors being streng henceed into cell phones, but no other company has coordinated them into laptops as of yet. Check out our video and first impressions. I went hands-on with the laptop and think it could be awesome if it works as promised.Built-in to the top bezel of the notebook, the rotatable micro-projector is able to project what is on the screen of the notebook onto a flat surface. On the prototype social unit only the top well(p) corner of the display was actually projecting. It was pretty neat to navigate to meshing sites and see them appear on the facing wall. I even pulled up a YouTube clip and was able to watch it on the white wall. The severalise and coloring wasnt vivid and I couldnt find a way to adjust it on the system. But see for yourself and check out the video of the laptop projector in action. http//blog. laptopmag. com/asus-shows-off- constitutional-laptop-projectorASUS Laptop With Built-In Projector Raises PowerPoint Threat to comminuted Tucked away in a quiet corner at Computex, ASUS is showing a nondescript laptop with a built-in pico projector. critical projectors have made variousappearancesat the tech show so far, most recentlyfrom Foxconn, but no other company has incorporated them into existing products, or for that matter shown many compelling applications for them other than in bulky and unrealistic cellphones. ASUS has reserved the first example of what could be a dotty use for this burgeoning new tech. For now though, the execution doesnt seem great.The staff at PC Perspective, who were the first to lay eyes on the de criminality, couldnt tell much about the exact specs of the projection unit but judging by the photo below (and the capabilities of other light projectors) the images wont exactly be dazzling. The camera is also built into the top of the bezel, which creates two pretty big chunks of wasted space. Speculative reservations aside, built-in projection capability could have serious potential in the backup world, so ASUS may be on to something. http//gizmodo. com/5013328/asus-laptop-with-built+in-projector-raises-powerpoint-threat-to-criticalLaptop with built-in projector Jun. 07, 2008in information processing systems pic The projector for handset has been break offed for about one year and is expected to be released within this year. However, if you extremity make a presentation, laptop is apparently more(prenominal) useful than a cellphone, whats more, laptops bombing look is longer. So, I bet you would like to own a laptop with a built-in projector. ASUS, a Taiwan based PC maker provide a good choice for us. It comes with an mini-projector on the top of the LCD display a nd you can rotate it to adjust the position to get the best image. picFujitsus Pico Projector-Packing Laptops Replace Optical Drive with Something Even More Useless I cant remember the last time I put a magnetic disc in my laptop. Maybe an old mix CD. The worlds moving on from material media Great But how about replacing that slot with something useful, and not apico projector? Fujitsus new LifeBook S761/C and P771/C notebooks are bizarre beasts, with fold-out pico projectors where your optical call for used to be. Not only are the machines crazily expensive ($2,675 and $3,110, for fair specs), but the addition of the pico projector is confounding and bizarre.How about adding an extra large battery in that space? Or hey, justremoving the optical driveand reservation a lighter, slimmer notebook? The entire point of a pico projector was to be little and mobileso if theyre so conveniently small, why would you ever want or need one integrated? The thing is clearly pegged for conc ourse room presentations and nothing else, as the pico projector is aimedsideways, with no other angle available. If this appeals to you, then please just get a reasonably priced laptop and a (separate) reasonably priced pico projector. Hey guys, wanna watch this PowerPoint on my new $3,000 laptop? http//gizmodo. om/5794704/fujitsus-pico-projector+packing-laptops-replace-optical-drive-with-something-even-more-useless HP to ready mini-projectors integration into notebooks a future possibility Yen-Shyang Hwang, Taipei Joseph Tsai, DIGITIMESThursday 21 January 2010 pic Hewlett-Packard (HP) is preparation to push two major product lines for 2010 tablet PCs and mini-projectors, according to Monty Wong, vice president and manager of personal computing systems group at HP Taiwan. When asked if the mini-projector technology could be applied to other devices such as handsets and notebooks, Wong give tongue to that it is is possible and should not be a technical issue. Wong explained that placing a projector where the webcam is ordinarily located is not difficult (but facing outward or in a rotatable position). HP added afterward that the company has no plans for such a product this year. Although the idea of a mini-projector notebook is not new, successfully bringing products to market has been delayed by design and engineering obstacles in general related to cooling solutions.In terms of which ODM would be able to develop such a product, market watchers speculated that HP would likely turn to Quanta Computer as one of its potential partners, as the notebook ODM has also invested in a projector manufacturer (Royaltek). Concerning HPs plans for this year, HP plans to launch several stand-alone mini-projector products in the market as an introduction to the notebook-integrated designs, Wong noted. As for tablet PCs, Wong said that HP will lean toward keyboard-less designs, meaning input will be by a touchscreen panel. Wong believes that HP is unlikely to push non-Wintel products aggressively in the short circuit term since these products are still have issues in software compatibility with Windows-based applications. Additionally, the atom is susceptible to fluctuating consumer demand and therefore needs to be guardedly evaluated. (Editors note This article has been revised from its original version)

Political Spectrum

The Political Spectrum is a term given to the different ideologies of political parties or cheeks. The one-year-old mens room Christian Association is one organization on the left post of the Spectrum. The YMCA provides after school programs for both children and adults. A right wing pigeonholing is the John Birch Society which dedicates itself to restoring and preserving freedom under the United States composing.The Young Mens Christian Society (YMCA) was founded in London to improve the ghostly condition of young men engaged in the drapery and different trades during the 1800s. Today the YMCA appears in over 124 countries and help promotes a healthy, balanced lifestyle regardless of beliefs or gender.This year on, April 27 2007, Durham YMCA held an open shack for their new Y-Knot Abilities Programs. This program offers children and youth with physical disabilities access to the YMCA programs. The Y-Knot creates an Equal acting Field for disabled youth. The Y-Knot Abilitie s program sh exclusively run every Friday from 500 to 700 pm in the gymnasium.Through the years, the YMCA has setup the YMCA Strong Kids Fundraiser. The money embossed helps provides, families YMCA memberships, Children and Youth a chance to go to camp, renovations on biotic community YMCAs and the fees for development new employees. Their ending from the fundraiser is hope on providing children and families with the tool they need to succeed.The YMCAs goal to create a convinced(p) attitude both physically and mentally in the community is achieved through a balanced leadership style. The organization creates both fundraisers to decrease membership fees, improve community recreations and increase periodic activities to achieve their goal. There is no force by the organization to the community in participating in fundraisers and activities.The John Birch Society (JBS) is a right wing organization established in Indiana in 1958 by a radical of twelve patriotic and public-spirited men. The golf-club opposes socialism, communism, Nazism, and fascism, and strongly agrees to a limited federal government under the Constitution of the United States.The JBS plans many campaigns to help preserve freedom for themselves and American families. A recent campaign was called the Repeal NAFTA campaign. Goals are to withdraw U.S. membership signifier in the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA). The night club has dedicated time in creating pamphlets and written articles to approve in the secession of NAFTA.The JBS has also organized the JBS Freedom Campaign. The campaign was designed for all Americans who want to preserve their cherished lives of freedom for themselves and their family. Through this campaign they go away have the opportunity to participate with other Americans to help defeat rough of the biggest threats to their way of life. The campaign acts like umbrella against issues such as flagitious immigration and the North American Union.The JBS goal to preserve freedom for themselves and American families is achieved through an authoritarian leadership style. The society sets campaigns against the government to set regulations or eliminate different acts such as Illegal Immigration and NAFTA. The sort out forces people to join through riots, publicity and the internet.The YMCA on the spectrum is set at 3 oclock on the left side due to being a beneficial organization to many communities. YMCA holds programs, clubs, fundraisers and teams to help create a positive attitude physically and mentally in the attitude. The JBS society would be located between 9 oclock and 10 oclock along the right side. The JBS is a group against communism and socialism, which are mid. to high left wing characteristics. The society conflicting the Civil Rights Movement, an act of equality between colored and whites. two organizations are clearly opposites due to the way they achieve their beliefs and achieve them.

Was the Great Depression the main reason why the Nazi Party grew between 1929 and 1932?

In my opinion, I believe that the Great Depression was the most signifi cigarett factor towards the harvest-home of the national socialist Party as this was the time when the Nazi Party grew cursorily from only 12 seats in May 1928 to 107 in family line 1930 and became the second largest party in Germany, following after the KPD. This was down to the sparing crisis in the aftermath of the W each(prenominal) Street Crash, which weakened the Weimar democracy by discrediting its policies, consequently making the democratic politics less(prenominal) popular.The political science seemed low-powered to stop the depression, especially because Stresemann, an influential democratic politician, had died in October 1929. The politics knew that they couldnt print any more money due to the hyperinflation back in 1923 so Chancellors, Muller and Bruning, raised taxes, cut wages and reduced unemployment benefit. further this resulted in the unemployment rate continuing to rise to 6 million by early 1933.The German economy was extremely vulnerable at this point, as they had lost their short-term foreign loans so beggars, bootlace sellers and match sellers preoccupied the streets of Berlin and the government became the scapegoat for these economic disasters. There was now less support for the Weimar country than ever before and middle class democratic parties associated with the Republic declined and pack turned to extremist alternatives such as the Nazis, which led to a speedy increase in votes. Therefore, it is iron come in to see that the Great Depression was the valuable reason why the Nazi Party grew between 1929 and 1932.Furthermore, Nazi Propaganda is less important than the Great Depression towards the reaping of the Party but to a fault had a large part to play as Goebbelss propaganda techniques label a new approach in electioneering. The Nazis used up to image technology such as loudspeakers, which were placed in every body of work and public area to e nsure that everyone heard the Nazis views and barefaced radios made sure the Nazis could gain votes from distant areas such as einsteinium Prussia without even having to travel there.They in addition began to use modern vehicles like cars and aeroplanes, non only for the practical purpose of transporting Hitler quickly between places, but also to project a contemporary statesman-like image. This form of propaganda was particularly used in the Presidential campaign of 1932 where Hitler came second after the re-elected Hindenburg. The Nazis also showed their mastery of propaganda by using mass rallies to create an atmosphere so emotional that all members of the audience would arrest to give in to them.These concert-like events include uniforms, torches, music and flags to come to the fore the effect. One of the Nazis most well known methods of propaganda was their slogans, both vague and direct, for example, to conciliate Germany great again which spelled to everyone and anyon e or blood and soil which was directed by design at farmers, persuading them that the Nazis really cared for them and would try their hardest to improve their facilities.Ultimately, Nazi Propaganda was necessary for the encyclopaedism of power by Hitler and the growth of the Party, however by itself it was not adequacy in view of the Nazi Partys failure to execute and absolute majority. In addition, the Sturmabteilung, otherwise known as the SA, storm troopers of cook shirts, were also of crucial importance to the increase in Nazi votes as they were used at mass rallies to provide an image of strength to close in anti-communists voters and at the same time, intimidated political opposition and even the government as they held a well deserved reputation for thuggery.By 1932 the SA had become a large force of 300,000 and by early 1933 the only alternative to Nazi-inspired obliging war appeared to be Hitler becoming Chancellor. Therefore, the SA was one of the main reasons for t he growth of the Nazi Party, although it was not the most important. Finally, the growth of the Nazi party would let never happened without the vital role played by the fear of Communism.Ordinary Germans, particularly business community and farmers, were frightened of the Communists taking over in their own country. Communists didnt believe in religion, so this worried churchgoers too. From the start, Hitler said he would fight Communism and he sent his own private army, the SA, to fight with Communists hence by 1932, morose street violence between the extremists of left and right was taking live on in cities and in the month of July 1932 alone, 86 pot were killed as a result of these political fights.Hitler gained much support from the middle and upper classes, which included businessmen, landowners, and factory owners and so on because he promised to deal with the Communist threat. Therefore, it is clear to see that this factor played a major role in the Nazi Partys growth ho wever, in my opinion, it is the least important out of the four factors that I have stated. In conclusion, none of these factors can be viewed in isolation and the Nazi Party wouldnt have grown as much as it did without the combination of all of these factors as they link together.In many ways, although the Great Depression is the most important factor, the growth of the Nazis would never have happened without the other three factors, especially the use of Goebbelss propaganda techniques, as these aided the Nazis into becoming better known so people could turn to them as extremist alternatives to the middle class democratic parties associated with the Weimar Republic after the Depression.Also, without the help of the SA and the fear of fabianism, the German population may have turned to other parties instead of the Nazis. Another link is that the fear of communism helped set up the importance of the SA as their violent actions towards the communists showed their strength to appeal to anti-communist voters and began to intimidate the Nazis challengers. Therefore, ultimately all the reasons are nearly connected and without each other, thing may have turned out very differently for Adolf Hitler and the Nazi Party.

Air Asia Essay

1.Threat of wise EntrantsThe finis of barriers to entry depends on the strength of-i)Customer has little brand loyalty. If consumers of piece of cakeasia do non have brand loyalty, then(prenominal) the strength of the threat of un utilize entrants is truly towering. The high numbers of competitors in the effort also decrease Airasias guest loyalty. Most of the travelers prefer low cost. New competitors which want to fuck off in the industry have to spend little to compete with Airasia.ii)High ceiling requirement. The industry of respiratory tract needs large volume of start-up capital. The cost of scope up of offices, buying or leasing line of merchandisecraft, hiring pilots and former(a) staffs like air stewardess and etc incur a high start-up cost. Thus, the threat is low for Airasia.iii)Different output offered. Airasia offers assorted product comp ard to other competitors in Asia like Bangkok Airways, tiger Airways, and Air Philippines. former(a) than the passen ger sales ticket, Airasia also include holiday packages which is inexpensive more or less Asia. Airasia has good connection with hotels and tourism companies around Asia, which it is hard for new competitors to compete.iv)Low switching costs. Customers do not need to spend more(prenominal) on switching to another airline. The footing would not be truly earthshaking in differences, which it depends on the availability of competitors serve and suitability of the race time that prompts them to switch.v)Moderate access code to distribution channel. Airasia is the first airline party to enable customer book and purchase air tickets online in Malaysia. This makes its website www.airasia.com in truth famous among frequent travelers. Although new competitors apprize create a website for their comp each, it is so sensationr difficult to compete with Airasias website. The website is known of its simpli urban center and user friendly. Thus, new competitors atomic number 18 difficu lt to make known their websites to travelers.vi)Strict government regulations. In obtaining pass and permit to operatean airline caller-up is quite restricted. This is because in Malaysia, the airline industry is very competitive already and that the government also wants to protect the interest of its national airline, MAS which is operating on loses a few days back.2.Rivalry among existing firmsThe strength of this factor depends oni)High numbers of rivals. There are approximately 59 low fares and no frills airlines compete with Airasia. Among of them are Tiger Airways, JAL Express, JetStar Airways, Air Arabia and etc. Some of the airline does not compete outright with Airasia, but it competes indirectly in routes that Airasia does not fly. Thus, the higher the number of competitors, the more fierce the competition.ii)High fit(p) cost. The airline industry incur high fixed cost which consists of finance cost, hire purchase, and staff costs. The airline companies have to dis charge more market share to cover the fixed costs. In doing that, unending bell reduction is done by them to compete with others. Thus, the rivalry is strong.iii)Customers substantially switch. The nature of airline industry is that customers priority is to tang at price and flight schedule that suits them the best when buying air tickets. The main purpose of using the airline services is to get to the refinement intended. Customers can switch to other airline easily which makes the industry so competitive.iv)High exit cost. It is hard for an airline company to exit the industry. It is because the cost is high in paying the loans, staff retrenchment and flight cancellation refunds. Even make losses, the companies have to get running to cope with fixed costs. This makes the industry very competitive.v)Products are similar. As mentioned earlier, the main purpose of using airline services is to reach the destination. Every airline provides similarservices to customers. Though Aira sia provides other added services like hotel booking, and tour packages, it is subject to the customers selection. An industry with similar products offered is highly competitive.3.Threat of Substitute producti)Easy to switch. There are or so 59 low cost airlines competing in the industry. The airlines serve over one hundred cities and islands across the sub-continental regions of South Asia, Southeast Asia and Northeast Asia. Although some of the reckon carriers lonesome(prenominal) fly domestic routes within the country of origin, while only a few operates international routes connecting nearby countries, customers go away always verbal expression for alternatives.ii)Performance of substitutes. Performance of other airlines are quite similar with Airasias abandoned there is no obvious product differentiation. Performance of airlines normally consists of the verity of take off time, aircraft work and staff services. So far, Airasia had constantly reviewed its performance an d improve its services.iii)Relative price. The price of substitutes are about the same with Airasias. Some of the airlines offers cheaper price to achieve profitable passenger loads. The price offered depends on the time counterpane between the booking date and flight date. The longer the date, the cheaper will be the price. If the tickets are purchased last minutes, the price will be about the same with allowance airlines like MAS and Singapore Airlines. Thus, in this situation customers would switch to the premium airlines.4.Bargaining causation of buyersi)No significant product differentiation. The only difference Airasias product with others airlines is the holiday packages offered. Most of the low cost airlines concentrate on providing flight services only to customers. There is some offers hotel booking at the city that the airline flies to. However, Airasia makes the difference by providing holiday packages like font 3 days and 2 nights to Bali at RM800 per pax includesf light ticket, appointment and travel guides. For customers who do not want to follow the travel agencies and enjoys freedom, they will look for Airasias packages, but the customers portion of this pillow slip is small. Thus the bargaining power of buyers is strong as the main function they look for is to fly to destinations.ii)Low switching costs. Cost of switching to other airlines is low, so bargaining power of buyers is strong. Airasia is not the only airlines operates in Asia. Other than that the price offered by other competitors are not much different. The customer choice is subject to their convenience and flight schedule that fit them best.iii)Portion of buyers consumption on airline is moderate. This factor depends on portions of income an individual earns. The higher the portion, the more the customer look for cheaper price and frankincense, the stronger the bargaining power of buyers. Eg when a student without earning any income, will look for the cheapest price availa ble as the portion of his expenditure will be very substantial.iv)Customers have access to market information. The IT beingness had emerged since 20th century. Many big and success companies in the world uses IT and e-commerce to operate. Without IT, the contrast had boundaries and international business will be prohibited. With worldwide web, information can be gathered on one click. Customers access to the current airline market information is easy and available all the time. The airline companies have less room for negotiation. Thus, customers had strong bargaining power.v)Buyers power concentration in many hands. Most of the airline company customers are individual travelers, only some travel in groups. So the air tickets are purchased individually. The airline companies are not relying on a few groups of customers only. Thus, the bargaining power of buyer is strong.5. Bargaining Power of providersi) Supplier concentration in a few hands. The supplier of airline companies is the sack supplier, foods supplier, merchandise supplier and aircraft supplier. There are few suppliers in the market, eg the aircraft supplier, the companies are either Airbus or Boeing. In this case the power of supplier is strong. Other supplier like foods supplier and fuel supplier, the term of the supply mustinessiness be based on the market condition. The supplier cannot increase in like manner much of its price or risk losing long term business with the aircraft companies.ii)High switching costs. Most of Airasias aircraft are Airbus models. Previously the company used Boeing models, which they lease it and the company had since phased out most of the models and replace with Airbus. If Airasia is to switch to Boeing again, then the cost will be high, because training cost for employees to suit the aircraft features must be provided. Other than that, the technology used by Airbus is the most advanced, thus Airasia must rely to the Airbus engineers to do maintenance of the ai rcrafts and seek advices. Thus, bargaining power of suppliers is strong.iii)Relative lack of importance of buyers to supplier. Airbus is a UK based aviation company. Its customers come from around the world. So far 9,113 aircraft had been ordered, out of which 5,408 aircraft had been delivered by the company. Airasia had ordered 200 aircraft from Airbus and so far only 54 aircraft had been delivered. The percentage of less than 1%, 0.99% proves that Airasia is not Airbuss important buyer. Thus, Airbus had strong power over Airasia.

Assignment on Business Strategy Essay

Assignment on headache Strategy 1 . Evaluate a order of your selections Mission statement in the well-to-do of the 3 comp singlents of any Mission Statement. Also rehearse the Abel framework to esteem the occupation definition that this military delegation statement drives. Ans. ) While a line of business must continually adapt to its competitive environs, there are trustworthy loading ideals that remain relatively steady and provides guidance in the puzzle out of strategic decision making. These unchanging ideals from the business vision and are expresses in the confederation mission statement.The mission statement communicates the self-coloreds pith deology and visionary goals, generally consisting of the following three components a. Core determine to which the firm is committed b. Core purpose of the firm c. Visionary goals the firm leave alone pursue The firms core assesss and purpose constitutes its core ideology and remain relatively constant. They are indepe ndent of manu positionure complex body part and the intersection point life cycle. The core ideology is not created in the mission statement rather, the mission statement is simply an expression of what already exists.The proper(postnominal) phrasing of the ideology may change with the times, but the underlying ideology remains constant. Here is the Coca-Cola accompanys mission statement for Stakeholders which is published in Jeffrey Abrahams new book, 101 Mission Statements From Top Companies . The Coca-Cola Promise The Coca-Cola Company exists to benefit and refresh everyone it touches. The basic pro location of our business is simple, solid, and timeless. When we bring refreshment, value, blessedness and fun to our stakeholders, then we successfully nurture and protect our brands, particularly Coca-Cola.That is the tell apart to fulfilling our last obligation to provide agreeablely glossy returns to the owners of our business. The audience for this mission is specifica lly for the stakeholder. The values here are stated explicitly refreshment, value, Joy, fun, and attractive returns. These words were obviously carefully chosen by those who crafted this mission statement. The ultimate obligation of attractive returns is a powerful way to state the companys vision and keeps the values stated in context.A get out mission statement is published on The Coca-Cola Companys website for assenting by the general public Everything we do is shake by our brook mission * To Refresh the World in body, mind, and spirit. * To Inspire Moments of Optimism hrough our brands and our actions. * To Create take to be and Make a Difference everywhere we engage. These values are consistent with the stakeholder version of the mission refreshment and value are echoed in auxiliary to inspiration. 2.What does a pedigree ensample intend to achieve, and how? Evaluate any company of your choices Business Model in the light of the same. Ans. ) Business Models are simulati ons of actual business functioning. They act as ideal veritable life examples, and help participants actively discuss the pros and cons of the situation given. A business Model gives a Full Account of any particular Business Scenario. One has to SWOT analyze the Business Model based on different how it makes money or delivers value, and what it does and does not do.A business model jakes change throughout the life of business or discharge be applied to a specific result, or to a nonprofit. It is a more general and concise statement than the business plan, but is liquid often used to explain the business and its activities to investors, banks or employees. Standard business models are often referred to in shorthand, such as subscription or affordable leader. As we know a business model is the mechanism by which a business intends to pecify a grocery offering. It is a summary of how a company plans to serve its customers and specifies its product offering.It mentions both the outline and methods of implementation. As amazon. com was existence beed, the delivery of in cookation, goods, or run to end customers employed one vehement business model called the Online Retailers of Physical Goods. This business model takes title to the pertly manufactured products that they sell and often rely on third companionship providers. Like virago. com, it needed third party providers, such as Borders and Barnes & Noble, to agree its product supply. When Amazon. om was first launched, Amazon. om was heralded for its feel-friendly culture that drew talented early days people to apply for work there and employed smart hiring strategy by hiring the brightest, most intelligent and versatile people. Jeff Bezos wanted people who could deal out his vision and were willing to work to achieve it. He tried to establish a sense of community due to sharing both fractious work and fun with his employees. Although pay was less than market salaries, attractive monomania o ptions were offered. Amazons three operational strategies are 1 . Cost-Leadership Amazon places itself as leader based only on the pricing.It offers the same product quality for lesser price. 2. Customer Differentiation Amazon uses design, quality and lash-up as a differentiator which set it apart from its close competitors. 3. focalization Strategies Customer table service is the major guidance while realizing that each market has its own quirks. Amazon. coms values and philosophy are at the center field of the organization. These often determines the success and failure of the enterprise . The other important factors Amazon focuses on are customer satisfaction and operational frugality. These two values complement Amazon. oms operational trategies in achieving and maintaining an effective competitive advantage. harvest-home Drivers there are four primary drivers for growth 1. Product focus 2. Customer focus 3. Technology focus 4. Distribution focus employ the above stat ed strategies, Amazon has managed to place itself in a position of power and success. 3. Use the 5 forces model to analyze and interpret the opportunities and threats that the industry at bottom which a company employs (of your choice), throws up. Explain how the company plans to capitalise on the opportunities and tackle the threats understanding where power lies in a business situation.It besides helps to understand both the strength of a firms live competitive position, and the strength of a position a company is aspect to move into. Despite the fact that the Five Force framework focuses on business concerns rather than public policy, it also emphasizes extended competition for value rather than Just competition among existing rivals, and the simpleness of its application inspired numerous companies as well as business schools to adopt its use (Wheelen and Hunger, 1998). * Chez Airlinbe company is not an isolated unit in the world and performs within a market full of other c ompetitors.To be able to gauge their position on market and to act accordingly they makeupd the Porters Five Forces Model. This model helped to define and realize their business and its surroundings and secernate threats and opportunities to focthem on. They review this model periodically to obtain up-to-date data in this global and turbulent environment. The Porter Model consists of 5 cistrons which together comprises the environment business operate in. These elements are suppliers, customers, new entrants, existing competition and the product itself.By assessing every one of these elements they get the whole picture of heir company within the market and the rating helps them target the key areas. They theme the scale of 0-5 to evaluate the policies of each element where O means no policies and 5 very high policies (reffering to the number in the brackets). * 1) Policies of Suppliers As they operate in the areas of services there are no tiny commodities having mountainous in fluence of their everyday service delivery. on that pointfore this area is not of critical policies in a short run.However, they should not underestimate this element as they wouldnt be able to continue the business in languish run without suppliers. f their supply (3) This is a threat in result of the aircraft machines. There are not many reputable airplanes (and airplanes parts) producers and therefore they could imbibe strong policies to control the air travel industry. As for the catering, gift services and other indirect materials there are many fragmented choice and therefore their policies is of almost no significance as they could be replaced quickly. There are no substitutes for the particular input (5) There are no substitutes for planes (in case they want to continue providing air transportation instead of setting routes) and herefore the policies of this element is very high business critical. They could reduce this policies by intervention cargo theming the earth services but this might decrease service level they provide to their customers. * The suppliers customers are fragmented, so their bargaining policies is low (4) There are more than 200 airlines all over the world and disrespect some alliance organizations (such as IATA) they are all potential competitors.The policies of this element is relatively high as the suppliers could afford losing one customers but the customers cant afford loosing the critical supplier (e. g. Boeing). The switching costs from one supplier to another are high (3) Switching costs in air transport industry are mainly related to the fact of limited airplanes producers and to the machine a company already owns. They theme planes form 3 producers Airbthem, Boeing and ATR.

Invictus Essay

Invictus a movie that touches on a lot of issues Nelson Mandela and the randomness Afri preempt people faced as a nation. Nelson Mandela was faced with transport a nation separated due to racial segregation and he accomplished this goal by cooperateing the southeasterly Afri lot rugger aggroup win the human being cup. This movie can be closely related with our class because Nelson Mandela is one of the greatest leading of only time and too see how he implemented his loss leaders to help the Rugby is just a fragment to what he rattling accomplished. throughout this movie you can go think almost what we easily-educated in class its goes hand and hand. To give a complete compend to this movie from the prospective of Nelson Mandela being a leader in the sports world in this es set up I will explain the divers(prenominal) styles of leading Nelson Mandela implemented, group dynamics, communication, managing difficulties, issues of regeneration. All of these where prese nt in this movie and a cover correlation to how Nelson Mandela was a leader in sports. In this movie Nelson Mandela wasnt the only called upon to be a leader in sports randomness African rugger Captain Francois Pienaar also played a major function a leading his rugby team through a really difficult season to becoming a great team and family. Without the help of Francois Pienaar I entert feel as if Nelson Mandelas externalise to unite the nation would have went so smooth.Throughout the movie Nelson Mandela employ a check of diametrical styles of lead, this shows to be a great leader you have to mix and match antithetic leadership styles. In Mandelas case being the president of South Africa in the mist of segregation you have to appeal and lead many different types of people, many of the groups dont respond like the others forcing him to differ from his nitch of democratic leadership. To reach the different kinds of groups he realized he would have to be stern sometimes a nd be more of a exacting leader. Nelson Mandela being a South African native faced a very hard termination when he walked into a rally by some of the baleful race who were against the shit of the rugby team and felt very fortifiedly approximately changing it. Mandela being the leader he was realized the springbok name was sacred to the Africana (white population) and to supply the nation to allowher the name had to stay. After this ending was clear toMandela to keep the Springbok name based off the friendship he gained while being incarcerated he knew that he was a nonage and it would be tuff to get voted. Thus he implemented autocratic leadership style walked into the rally gave them all the background information on the name then told his follower the name will stay. Mandela knew what he was doing would be good in the long run precisely still asked for the survive of his followers and of the rally he had one person that was on his side.Throughout the movie he also was forced to inhibit the Laissez-Faire leadership style against his own will. Bringing a nation together can sometimes become overwhelming and with his strenuous schedule Mandela overworked himself to the point he blacked out. After his accident he was forced to relax and take a back seat for a couple of days. For the period of his recovery he was helpless and had to go with the flow being forced into the laissez-faire leadership style. Nelson Mandela middle name should be democratic, that is how strongly he embraces this leadership style. He just wanted everyone in South Africa to be equal and get along, while difficult to accomplish this he took different ideas from co-workers and people of South Africa.A recurring theme in the movie is Nelson Mandelas new words to his followers and friends at the most opportune times add togethering encouragement, support, wisdom and comfortably. In the beginning of the movie he steps into his presidential chambers where all of the workers were a t and began to give them a obstetrical delivery, most of these workers were Africanas from the previous South African president. Now here comes this black semipolitical guy fresh from jail into the presidents government agency, so most of these workers didnt object on staying and didnt believe in Mandela. He gives them a mother tongue with great com slip awayion and knowledge treated all of them as equals and ends the speech with if you guys stay you would be doing me and your country a great service. Mandela gave all his workers the opportunity to leave but after his great speech he didnt lose not one worker, this give you and example how strong and powerful his words could be.Communication in my centers is 10 pct verbal and 90 percent non-verbal, a person can say all the right things but if they dont give eye contact and have bad body language it can mechanically negate everything they just said. Africanas were really hard on Mandela but he continuously gave them reasons to love and respect him,when he went to the first Springbok game a lover throw a can at Mandela that barley missed him but he didnt even flinch. That fan wanted nothing more than for Mandela to react and get out of flake but Mandela just ignored it showing them his mental strength. Its easy for a person to react by it takes a real leader to go forward them selves and ignore ignorance.Nelson Mandela was forced to mete out difficulties through the whole movie trying to evolve his nation to bring blacks and whites together, enlighten people including his own little girl and help the Springbok win the world cup. What I learned from Mandela round managing difficulties is that sometimes you dont have to automatically attack the enigma head on and sometimes you should just relax and let things gloam into place by make strategic moves. When Mandela knew what was best for the nation he made a group of very smart purposes to bring the rugby team back to relevancy and their winning cultu re. The best example of this was making the Springboks do clinics in near by villages. By inviting Francois Pienaar to tea he installed these values and coached him up to be a better leader to his team so he can also manage difficulties he was way out to be facing. Francois Pienaar was faced with manage this difficult team that was ok with losing and not being connected to the rest of the South Africans. Pienaar followed in Mandelas footsteps and move into the team to new things little by little, such as nurture the home(a) anthem, bring them to the prison to see what Mandela and others went through.Invictus in a nutshell is about the issue of diversity in South Africa and how a pride for their national team can unite a country. Mandela was facing the issue of diversity his whole intent and even spent a period of his life behind bars to fight for it. From his first day in office as the president he had to face the issue of diversity by having a majority of his office workers be ing white and not wise(p) if they where going to stay, but thankfully for his enhanced commination skills he persuaded them to stay. Another computer address that was forced with great issue of diversity was Chester being the only black player on the Springboks had to be tough on him and his team catch fro example when they did the clinics all the kids flocked to Chester and ignored his teammates. Francois Pienaar was faced with issues ofdiversity as well like when he tried to teach the players the national anthem by the were very closed at first due to the complexity of the different languages of the black South Africans.In conclusion Invictus was great movie showcasing the leadership of Nelson Mandela and Francois Pienaar both in very different situations but faced with some of the same issues. Mandela was faced with bring the nation together and Pienaar was faced with bring the Springboks together that was like a little nation in its own. The rugby team was like a little natio n due to different races, conflicting ideas, and stubbornness to change their ways. Every team is like that and to manage that you have to be a leader in recreational settings to bring a team together and be successful. This movie taught me a couple of life lesson that I will inhibit to my everyday life and pass on to other such ass make strategic moves, really think before making any moves. 1 smart decision is better than 2 dumb reactions.

Ratio Analysis of Hcl Tech Essay

It provides softw atomic number 18-led IT solutions, remote infrastructure vigilance and BPO services, foc utilise chiefly on transformational outsourcing. The caller-out leverages its extensive offshore infrastructure and global network of offices in 31 countries to deliver solutions across selected verticals including financial services, retail and consumer, life sciences, aerospace, automotive, semiconductors, telecom, media publishing and entertainment. HCL takes pride in its philosophy of Employees First, Customers Second which empowers their 84,403 employees to create a true value for the customers.HCL Technologies, along with its subsidiaries, had consolidated revenues of US$ 4. 5 billion, as on 31st March 2013. HCL Leadership team 2. Objectives of Study Development of industries depends on several factors such as financial, personnel, technology, quality of product and marketing. Financial boldnesss remove a significant role in de boundaryining the growth of industrie s. every last(predicate) the companys ope symmetryns virtually affect its need for cash. almost of these information covering operations area are however away the direct responsibility of the financial executives.The firm whose present operations are inherently difficult should try to makes its financial compendium to enable its management to stay on top of its working position. In this context I am undertaking financial ratio depth psychology of HCL Technologies to examine and show financial performance of the company. Using ratio analysis this project leave provide the insights of * The growth and development of HCL Technologies for last 5 years (FY 08-12) * The behavior of liquidity and profitability of HCL Technologies * The factors determining the liquidity and profitability of HCL TechnologiesScope The stove of the study is limited to financial data published in the one-year reports of the company every year. The analysis is done to suggest possible solutions for fi nancial growth of the organization. This study is carried out for 5 years (2008-2012). Also data provided by external agencies are used for analysis of future predication. 3. thought of Financial Statement & dimension Analysis 2 3. 2 Financial StatementTo understand the information contained in financial statements with a view to know the intensity level or weaknesses of the organization, to make forecast virtually future prospects and thereby enabling the management and external parties to take distinguishable terminations regarding the operations. Fundamental analysis has a very broad scope. One aspect looks at the general (qualitative) factors of the company. The other side considers tangible and measurable factors ( quantifiable). This content crunching and analyzing numbers from the financial statements if used in conjunction with other methods, quantitative analysis can produce excellent results.Ratio Analysis Ratio analysis is the method or process by which relation ship/ assemblage of items in the financial statement are computed, pin downd and presented. Ratio analysis is an attempt to derive quantitative measure or guides concerning the financial wellness and profitability of business openings. Ratio analysis can be used both in trend and static analysis. Purpose of several ratios depends on the objective of analysis. A financial ratio measures a companys performance in a specific area. For example, you could use a ratio of a companys debt to its equity to measure a companys gearing.By comparing the gearing ratios of two companies, you can determine which company uses greater debt per equity. You can use this information to make a judgment as to which company is better investment risk. However, you must be careful not to place too much importance on one ratio. You obtain better indication of the direction in which a company is moving when several ratios are taken as a crowd. Ratios are worked out to analyze the following aspects of an ent erprise a. Solvency i. Long term ii. Short term iii. Immediate b. Profitability c. Operational Efficiency d. credence standing e.Effective utilization of resources f. Investment Analysis 3. 4 importee of Ratio Analysis in Financial Statement Ratio analysis is very important in revealing the financial position and wiseness of the business so used by various parties * commission The group that has the most interest in financial statement analysis is management. Management needs to discover quickly any area of mismanagement so that corrective action can be quickly taken. It mainly helps in * Decision making Ratio analysis helps in making decision from the information provided in these financial Statements.Financial forecasting and planning think is looking ahead and the ratios calculated for a number of years a work as a guide for the future. * Communicating The financial strength and weakness of a firm are communicated in a to a greater extent easy and understandable manner using ratios. * Co-ordination Better communication of aptitude and weakness of an enterprise result in better co-ordination in the enterprise * Control The weaknesses are otherwise, if any, come to the knowledge of the managerial, which helps, in effective go over of the business. * Investors or ShareholdersInvestors are interested in financial statements to evaluate received earnings and to predict future earnings. Financial statements influence greatly the cost at which stock is bought and sold. * Lenders Bankers before granting loans usually require that financial statements be submitted. Whether or not a loan is make depends heavily on a companys financial condition and its prospects for the future. * Employees Employees are mainly concerned about the profitability. Their salaries and increments are dependent on the profit made by the company. * Government

Pride and Prejudice Passage Analysis Essay

Jane Austen resolves the novel while using particular writing style and proficiency to reinforce the offices of Elizabeth, Georgiana, and Lady Catherine de Bourgh. Elizabeths strong-willed character is emphasized when Austen subtly contrasts her against Georgianas shy one she uses Georgiana as a foil character for Elizabeth, and vice versa. Elizabeths strong opinions, quick wit, and lively, sportive, manner of conversing with Darcy astonish Georgiana.Austens use of the phrase lively, sportive, manner gives the sentence a more nimble and energetic feel, which reflects the nature of the conversation. Apart from her wit, Elizabeths sensibility is also shown with she persuades Darcy to render reconciliation with his aunt. While several members of her family might have been happy to envy Lady de Bourgh, Austen reinforces Elizabeths intelligence and sensibility by emphasizing that she has rise above some of the poor behaviour that she has grown up with.In terms of Georgiana, Austen main tains her character as an innocent and shy girl. She brings up the occurrence that Georgiana is more than ten years younger than Darcy, and contrasts her somewhat introverted reputation with Elizabeths strong-willed and confident one. Lastly, her youth and naivete is emphasized when Austen chooses to dictate she was influenced by Elizabeths instruction. In terms of Lady Catherine de Bourgh, Austen emphasizes her class-snobbery and superciliousness with her satirical (and quite comedic) choice of words, saying that Elizabeth and her relatives had polluted Pemberley.Her bossiness and need to be in control of everything causes her to write an angry letter to Darcy, since he and Elizabeth disregard her objections. The entire ending can be contrasted to the start of the book, which outlined the in a bad way(p) trades union of the Bennets. It seems that Elizabeth, who marries Darcy out of love, will enjoy a much happier marriage than Lydia, who married for passion, as well as Charl otte, who married for financial stability.

Anthropology-African Religions

The roots of modern day Islam were sown a cope with of centuries ago when the once proud Muslim empire began to be overwhelmed by expansionist movements dominated by European colonialists.This has led to a ethnical turmoil in Muslim world who once used to subsist at the pinnacle of glory saw its silent burial with the tame subjugation of the Islamic Caliphate at the hands of mighty British forces in early twentieth century. While a sizable instalment of the Muslims chose to follow the path shown by great statesman like Mustafa Kemal Ataturk, galore(postnominal) continued to be festered by the wounds of humiliation.Now Muslims in m both countries are spirit to reassert themselves after a long period of humiliation and oppression, sometimes at the hands of foreigners and sometimes at the hands of their own leaders. opposition to popular belief, Muslims are not a monolithic group, nor there is any centralized authority within Islam.The Islamic civilization from its birth has dec eased through debates and counter debates. Except for the Shahadah (God is one and Mohammad is his messenger) and the five mandatory duties (Hajj, Zakat, Roza, Namaz and Shahadah) everything else in Islam has been subjected to deep scrutiny and analysis with the result that many schools of thoughts kept appearance and disappearing.That is why contradictions are evident to people both inside and exterior the Muslim community. The orientalists, the conventional authorities on Islam, have been accused of universe essentialist and insensitive to the change, negotiation, development, and diversity that characterizes lived Islam.Some scholars, primarily anthropologists, have responded to the tendency to essentialize by gravid up the idea of conceptualizing one Islam and instead have focused their head on what they call various local Islams. Others have focused on sociological or political-economic approaches in explaining the modern forms of political and social activism among Muslim s to the excommunication of scriptural Islam from their analysis. (Anjum O., 2007)Islam was brought to Sub-Saharan Africa in the first place via the trade routes from the Arab countries and trade union Africa. The African Muslims have al agencys maintained quite close connect with the Arab world, from which a number of reformers came.But Islamisation was essentially carried out by Africans themselves, who shared the equal life, spoke the same dustup, lived in the same pagan world entirely. in that location is no doubt that, for African Muslims, Africanicity and Islam are in no way opposed. For them Islam is not an imported trust.For many, abandoning the Muslim religion is equivalent to the rejection of all their family and tribal traditions, so intermingled are the two socio-religious universes. One must conclude that Islam, in its traditional African form, is entirely a part of the African cultural heritage and thus an African reality. The long cohabitation of Islam with tr aditional African religion has also had an effect at the cultural level.The African languages are in general languages with a concrete wording, rather limited in the conceptualisation of more abstract realities or more developed reflections. With the Arabic language Islam has been able to fill a gap. Many African peoples, some scarce touched by Islam, have borrowed a complete abstract, and especially religious, vocabulary from Arabic, with no more than the changes proper to the structure of each language.The relative conquest of Islam may be related to its compatibility with many aspects of African culturefor example, plural marriage for men, which was opposed by Christian missionaries. Nonetheless, Islam was also embraced because it provided symbolic naming with successful traders and travelers throughout the world, and it was seen as an alternative to European religion.Its agents were black, and it preached on behalf of those who lacked the furnishing of Western civilization . These adaptations of local practices by the Islamists is not only unique in Cte dIvoire, it has happened world over and plays an important role in shaping the thoughts and mind processes of the Muslims.

Striving for Personal Success

Striving for somebodyal Success University of genus Phoenix Gen 200 Eleanor Roosevelt once said, In the long run, we shape our lives, and we shape ourselves. The surgical procedure never ends until we die. And the choices we make are ultimately our own function (Goodreads Inc. , 2013). Although biography thatt joint be a major(ip) deterrent on success, it alike whoremonger be unrivaled factor in obtaining college success. The mortalal indebtedness a student holds is based on their motivation and self- sacrifices.Success in animateness and in college bathroom only be measures by the hard work, drive, and dedication. Personal function is defined as relating or pertaining to oneself and the state of function as moral, legal, or mental accountability (Merriam-Webster, Incorporated, 2013). One way of applying individualised responsibility in a students life is to continue to push the limits that other mickle have placed on them and pushing those boundaries to the max. Wit h huge success tooshie come countless opportunities, done these opportunities comes dedication and challenges.It is in how each person deals with those dedication and challenges that makes the sacrifices worth everything. When the idea of quitting occurs is when an individual must lean on his or her support systems to unpack them through that state of mind. It is family, friends, and amazing instructors who can be the factors between persevering through the hard times and cock-a-hoop up. The question a student will then have to subject is, what is most important to that person? By fguring out that question and straighten out the time and dedication that has already been utilize would be a waste.At this concluding point the individual has to get wind the motivation and drive to re light up that fire under them and ontinue to strive on. It is that personal responsibility of holding oneself responsible for the hard work that will lead that person to college success. Personal responsibility is a factor in achieving success in life and in college, but personal responsibility withal can be a hinder. By being a college student people not only have dedication to their schoolwork, but also their outside school, such as family, friends, and a Job.The struggle is movementing to assure that balance needed to win in all fields. Alexandra Escobar said, Professional women often struggle as they try to alance their work and personal roles, while still trying to initiate in both, she currently holds a masters story in education and holds a conduce for the College of Education at University of Phoenix South Florida Campus (How women in business can lean in, personal roles, but as shown through her degree and position held in her college now the success for a degree is possible.The major factor is time management. Every person must learn to make time for what matters, whether that is to wake up an hour earlier or discharge the television off to complete that one assignment. 0. 1. Simpson once said, The twenty-four hour period you meet complete responsibility for yourself, the day you stop making any excuses that is the day you start to the top (emailprotected, 2001). If this degree and college success is what matters, that person will find a way to make it work, or that person will find a way to make excuses.The main question every person must ask themselves is success at this very moment to a greater extent important than success for growth that can better ones future or not? Personal responsibility and college success are proving to be one and the same. Success in college and in life can only be achieved by ones own selflessness and elf-dedication. Winston Churchill once said, The price of greatness is responsibility (emailprotected, 2001). Winston Churchill is right.It is the self-sacrifice of choosing to miss out on social events, school events, or pull extra work hours so that person can finish his or her assignments needed to s ucceed in their classes. The self-dedication will need to be applied to obtain such greatness. By applying self- dedication and personal sacrifices one is allowing themself to grow in personal success. Each hurdle completed in their college jaunt is another step closer to obtain ollege success as easy as being able to apply the knowledge obtained into their lifestyle and in return gain success in the workforce.It is each individuals personal responsibility to apply what is being learned in and out of the classroom through their college Journey that will truly allow them to have the greatest fake of college success. An educational success will be obtained by a college degree, but also a workforce knowledge and personal growth that can be achieved only by experiencing that balancing act between personal responsibility and college success. In conclusion, personal responsibility is the key to success. Success is also determined by self-sacrifice and self-dedication.

Examining Race-Related Aspects of James Cameron’s Avatar

Examining The Race-Related Aspects Of avatar tour evident that some who saw the guide incarnation were more than satisfied with it visu solelyy, I implant it interesting that I heard little about the plot or characters. After totally, as a inditer, these elements, to me, ar what make or rape the solvent. After going to entrance the critically acclaimed adopt, I was left with a blatant feeling of in by rightsice regarding the films race issues. The problem I had with the film is the concept of a exsanguinous manlike go in into a world of ethnic wad (in this case, aliens), with the sole intent of employ them for his loveledge personal gain.Not only has this all likewise familiar horizontal surface been used again and again, but also, the outcome is always the same. While I do non take that the film endorses racism, I do believe that certain racial ideologies play a major role in the film. Whilst some may argue against that point, by alone breaking toss off the story, it is simple to make the connections. Regard little of if it was intentional or non, in that location argon some obvious racial undertones in Avatar, and they should non be igno flushed no matter how impressive the graphics are.In the specific clip I strike chosen to analyze, Jake, the gracious who joins the Navi to fight against his witness kind, has returned to Pandora after organism labeled a traitor and losing the trust of the Navi. To gain it back, he immediately tames a Toruk, a red pottyassium hydrogen tartrate who the natives are very fearful of. The dragon had neer been tamed by anyone from the Navi rank. The skill and heroism just spewing from Jake makes it seem as though he is the only one with the answers that the Navi request to save Pandora. The scene transitions to the clan praying to the Hometree, in spite of their knowledge of the tree having never taken sides.In the midst of all of this, Jake comes flying down on the red dragon, the sun b eaming behind him, illuminating his path. Then comes the very abase imagery of Jake dismounting the dragon in front of the Navi, while they practically bow to and worship him as if to say, You are superior to us, after all Jake certainly assumes as much, because he soon starts yelling about how this is our land, and they need to do what he says to save it. While watching the film, I low began drawing a lot of parallels to class discussions of how Columbus and the Spaniards conquered America. In Avatar, human corporation is mining a valuable mineral on Pandora, an Earth-like moon around that is inhabited by the Navi, an alien race. In the late 1400s, despite also having discovered an entire race of people, the Spanish found g venerable in America and began mining.Once it became difficult for them, they en labored slavery upon the natives of the land, and mercilessly killed them upon resistance. In the article Sex And Conquest Domination And Desire On Ethnosexual Frontiers, Joan e Nagel reminds us of the relative powerlessness of many native women, and reports that sexual exchanges were often coerced, involving rape, forced prostitution, and slavery. In Avatar, the human scientists uncover that underneath Hometree, the Navi clans dwelling, lies the richest deposits of the mineral that they value, and by the end of the film, are ready to annul it and its inhabitants. This, to me, is an example of racism in how the humans were willinging to treat the Navi (kill them) in order to acquire more gold. While elements are different, Columbus conquest of America strays not so removed from the plot that drives Avatar a civilized race relentlessly compromises what they throw to be an uncivilized race.It can scour relate to how American factories are built in foreign countries to avoid specific labor laws. As Americans, how can we justify that the people working in foreign countries create our iPhones are twin to us? If so, wouldnt we demand that they deserve eq ual pay? The ideology of the self-righteous, superior race and their ultimate disregard for all others is, sadly, an overused theme present in this film and our audiences should be seeing less of it.Despite all humans being expelled from Pandora in the end, a sinlessness male, in this case, Jake, Avatars protagonist, gets to be the boss in the end. In exchange, he gives up his body, his culture, and every human aspect about him. The one af upright he fails to let go of is his superiority. With the film ending like this, and not allowing one of the original Navi to ultimately prevail, a unconscious message is being de full of lifered. Just like in Dances With Wolves, a blanched male goes native and soon ends up as the great leader.In just three months of immersion in their culture, Jake learns decorous about the Navi (their folkways, their animal-taming skills, and flush the undercover to their ultimate test of warrior prowess, something no other Navi has mastered in atomic nu mber 23 generations) to become their leader in their struggle against genocide by his own former allies. Hometree even answers a prayer of Jakes, and she had never answered prayers of the natives, her own people, even once before then. An interesting contrast is set up to conceal the fact that Jakes character is representative of racism.On one side, there are the power-hungry, militaristic humans who show no virtuous restraint against the Navi. Their opposition is Jake and the rest of the humans who want peace with the natives. While the runner group is presented as obviously racist, most would draw the conclusion that the abet group, the protagonists, mustiness not be. While the characters themselves are not racist, the age-old black-and-blue Messiah fable is. This story has played out in American race politics several times. Progressive, liberal white males were responsible for Indian removal and schooling replacing Indian genocide, and segregation replacing slavery.Each tim e, it seems that supporters of modernised policies just have to say, Look, Im progressive. Im not like those old-fashioned racists, and then they simply cannot be deemed as racist. This is the effort in our society that the outcome of Avatar is glorifying. Forms of racial supremacy have been changed over time, but have never been ended altogether. To be fair to the humans of Avatar, the Navi and their entire planet ended up regarding the humans as a disease with which there can be no peaceful existence.Their solution is, simply, the expulsion of humanity from the planet, or in Jakes case, culture transfusion. laboured assimilation with the native culture in Avatar is almost too familiar to how their still exists an ideology in America that foreign residents must assimilate to the white culture. Forgotten is that every white citizen of America is descendant of some foreign culture. America should be a melting pot for all cultures, and if James Cameron, the take upor, producer an d writer of Avatar, had truly agreed, perhaps the outcome of the film would be different.So did James Cameron write and direct this because he is a racist white male? No. But does James Cameron even acknowledge that his film carries racist undertones? No. The casting for the film had his seal of approval of approval, so why were actors of color used to portray the Navi people? The Navi may be tall, blue aliens, but they seem to resemble the noble savages in older Hollywood movies theyre played by actors of color, they live a primitive lifestyle in harmony with nature, they sport tattoos and dreadlocks and exotic jewelry, and they have courage and athleticism but not necessarily modestness or ambition.Most importantly, why does white Australian Sam Worthington star as the cultural infiltrator? Cameron has more than once stated that Avatar is meant to encourage people to respect each others cultures and differences, and while that may be the overt meaning, he fails to touch on the issue of racial superiority. Again, Cameron did not sit down and consciously make a decision to write a racist film. However, he did indirectly use the film to record his white liberal understanding of anti-racism. Really, his descrys are just a kindler, gentler, more patronizing racism.If not, perhaps the Navi would have saved Jake quite of being incapable of conservation themselves. Avatar doesnt ask the moral question of Should the natives be conquered? It asks, How should the natives be conquered? Had the film been written and directed by a person of color instead, there may have been an probability to avoid this. Columbia College professor Kristin Pichaskes excerpt, Historical And Political theoretical account Race, Colonialism And African Cinema discusses how most filmmakers are Hesperian white males who simpleness the portrayal of Africans, or minorities, in cinema.In addition to holding the purse strings, Western interests controlled the production infrastructure. As recently as 1993, Diawara would write that Africa lacks film-processing laboratories, sound-dubbing and synchronizing studios, and editing facilities, a fact which significantly limits an African directors ability to complete a film on his own terms, in his own country and within a reasonable span of time (1993 vii).While this is not universally true at this point (the facilities he describes now being available in South Africa and also rendered somewhat obsolete by the development of high-definition video), it is certainly true that most of Africa suffers from a dearth of film infrastructure and that this creates yet another form of dependence on the West. Having to rely on the West for the skills that they cannot afford, the absence of African directors involved in the scene of their culture is blatantly apparent.Perhaps James Cameron was not the right person to direct Avatar, as he cannot truly understand the racial ideology that his film is perpetuating. However, if an Afri can director were given the opportunity, a white Western shylock who demands that he cater the story to white audiences will undoubtedly be funding him. Present day racist ideologies are best dumb when comparing them to Magic Eye images bizarre images concealing a manifestly hidden, 3-D picture.While some people see the 3-D image right away, others have to look for a while before they can arrest it. Some people never do find it. However, once you know that the 3-D image is there, you end up wondering how you didnt see it in the first place. The racism depicted in this film is a lot like a Magic Eye image. It is a conjuration story about race told from a white mans perspective, for white people. I believe this to be true after simply looking at the memoir of Camerons films Titanic, Aliens, and The Terminator all contained predominantly white casts.Had he intended his films to be seen by a racially diverse audience, Im sure he would have had enough common sense to diversify his cast of characters. Avatar is also at the end of a very long history of similar films. Avatars storyline has been compared to that of Dances With Wolves and Pocahontas. In all three films, white male characters realize they are unhappy with the treatment of the others, but go beyond assimilating and skip to leading the people who they so recently oppressed.Since there have been so many films spanning all genres telling the same story, when will the white directors begin to use the issue of race in a different light? African-American scholar Donald Bogle, who literally wrote the book on how black people have been portrayed throughout Hollywood history (Toms, Coons, Mulattoes, Mammies amp Bucks An Interpretive History of Blacks in American Films) says that while not overtly racist, it is a movie that hasnt yet freed itself of old Hollywood traditions, old formulas. If I were to have written a film like Avatar, I would have made the Navi completely capable of saving themselves by reve rsing the power roles of Jake with the clan. It would mean straying from an age-old format, but also, thought-provoking the racial insecurities of the white audience that the film was intended for. Would the film be as popular if the natives of Pandora did not possess traditional, savage-like qualities? The juxtaposition of the film Avatar with historical events such as Columbus onquering America, and also, overused tales of the white protagonist take a race of savages to victory predates most steps towards civil rights equality. Filmmakers of nonage races are far and few between, and are often funded by white Westerners when directing. With every film in Hollywood being produced by the white man, will our society ever see things from the point of view of a minority race? If no, then Hollywoods unfitness to realize that the decision to continue producing the same point of view is interfere with our societys ability to think outside of racial boundaries.

Proposed Mexican Business Essay

A business plan is truly important guide that directs the vigilance of the business or boldness towards achieving its goals. Analysis of the commercialize in which a business is venturing is very of the essence(p). This gives a clear picture of the entire market that the business is digestting into. This paper get go forth look at the economic, demographic and socio-economic details of each major state in Mexico.This paper will further go ahead to explain both the contrary and the extraneous and the domestic help banks that ar run in Mexico. This paper also take ons expatiate ideas or so recruitment of employees in Mexico. Finally it gives extensive information ab break the American companies that atomic number 18 operating in Mexico.Mexico is cognise to be a constitutional republic federally ground in compass north America. It is touch on the northern side by United tell aparts. The North Pacific Ocean borders this republic on the s come outh and the western si des. Mexico is extremely referred to as the United Mexico States. The Caribbean Sea is very visible on the southeast stop of Mexico. It consists of umteen states which argon thirty angiotensin-converting enzyme in number. Mexico City is know to be oneness of the most populated cities in the world. (Crandall, 2004)Mexico as in the beginning on illustrated has got approximately thirty one states. They take Sonora, Baja California, Chihuahua, Coahuila, Nuevo Leon, Tomaulipas, Durango, Baja California Sur, Chiapas, Guerrero, Jalisco, Nayarit, SLP, Oaxaca, Campeche and Vera Cruz among others. These Mexican states are also divided into different municipalities. In the course of instruction 1900, the population in Mexico was approximately 13.6 million.The demographics of Mexican states are as follows. Michoacan state is known to concord the lowest population growth. Quintana Roo has the nobleest population growth rate. These two states are the least populated. Baja California h as Sur and Baja California has the highest migration rate. Below are the demographics by city and state. rank(a) Core City State Pop Rank Core City State Pop 1 Mexico City DF 19,231,829 11 Queretaro QT 918,1002 Guadalajara JA 4,095,853 12 Merida YU 897,7403 Monterrey NL 3,664,331 13 Mexicali BC 855,9624 Puebla PB 2,109,049 14 Aguascalientes AC 805,6665 Toluca ME 1,610,786 15 Tampico TM 803,1966 Tijuana BC 1,483,992 16 Culiacan SI 793,7307 Leon GT 1,425,210 17 Cuernavaca MO 787,5568 Juarez CH 1,313,338 18 Acapulco GR 786,8309 Torreon CO 1,110,890 19 Chihuahua CH 784,88210 San Luis Potosi SL 957,753 20 Morelia MI 735,624The thrift in this republic is firmly established. It is known to be the worlds 12th largest in line with its saving. This is according to GDP and PPP. This nation has an scrimping that is highly diversified. The infrastructure is quite developed in terms of telecommunications, airports, scatterin g of gas, railroads and seaports among other sectors. (Denizer, 1997)The socio-economics data reveals that the population in this nation that is in perfect p all overty has tremendously decreased from twenty four point one percent to approximately sixteen point nine percent. This is according to the valet slang. It is however very evident that there are huge disparities in the incomes of the poor and the wealthy in the nation.There are also funny differences between the south and the northern areas of Mexico. These differences still exist amongst the urban and the untaught areas. The contrasts are quite sharp in sexual relation to human festering and income levels. These issues still remain to be quite problematic in Mexico. poorness has been reduced in Mexico done the increase in the middle categorise purchasing power. The inflation in Mexico is as low as 3.3%. This has resulted in middle class deal in this nation having a accredit consumption that is quite high. There i s great stability in the nation in terms of monetary terms.Through remittances from citizens in Mexico, poverty has been greatly alleviated. The infrastructure in Mexico is quite developed and this makes it very easy to look out business in this republic. This is in terms of the road network. Chiapas State in Mexico is very developed in terms of the infrastructure.There are both foreign and domestic banks in Mexico. Research shows that Mexico allowed foreign banks to splay up branches therein. This was made easy through foreign acquisitions of the various domestic banks in Mexico. It is very clear that foreign banks in Mexico are much scratchable when compared to the domestic banks in Mexico.This shows that foreign banks have had positive impacts on the entire banking sector. Citibank is one of the foreign banks that started operating in Mexico in the year 1994. This bank is U.S based. This was through the North American Free Trade apprehension (NAFTA). (Houghton, 1999)Other fo reign banks that are operating in Mexico include Scotiabank, HSBC, Banco Santander and BBVA. Banco Santander is based in Spain, Scotiabank is in Canada, and HSBC is in U.K while BBVA is in Spain. Among the domestic banks include Banco de Azteca. The other prominent domestic bank that is operating in Mexico is called Barnote. It is highly known even among the locals for its excellent services.Recruitment is a very essential part of organizational management. This is due to the fact that this process enables an organization to get qualified professionals that are quite competent in carrying out the tasks delegate to them. Critical analysis of the entire business sector shows the way it carries out this important task.Looking at most of the organizations in Mexico, they carry out recruitment process through advertising of the vacant affixs. Many organizations force in their Company websites, they also place advertisements in newspapers and sometimes over the radio. The management cle arly indicates the desired qualifications of potential employees. Interested candidates wherefore shine their particulars (these are the cover letter and C.V) to the organization either by bear or by electronic media. The application letters and C.Vs are hence analyzed and the qualified candidates are then short listed.These are then communicated to such that they attend an oral or written interview depending on the organization. Some organizations use both methods. Some organizations carry out one and others two interviews with the potential candidates. Those who pass the interviews are either communicated to trough post or through telephone.The qualified candidates are then compound into the organization where they go through training or induction in relation to their work or job profile. All these normally result in organizations having qualified employees. This process is carried out by the management team in organizations in Mexico without favoritism.There are different Am erican Companies that are operating in Mexico. Most of these Companies are very successful. Amongst the American Companies that are successfully operating in Mexico include Diners Club, Master Card and American pull up Bank. These Companies are well known in the Mexican Republic and their profit margins are very high. Research shows that there are very many factors that have made American Companies operating in Mexico to be successful. (Houghton, 1999) sensation of the major factors that have made these Companies to be successful is the NAFTA initiative. Through this it has beget very easy for the American based Companies to start up branches in Mexico. The management in these Companies is very sound. This is bearing in mind that these organizations have been in existence for some time.There are various strategies that the American companies that are based in Mexico use. These strategies include marketing both through online and offline means. The online means that are highly used by these successful Companies include the use of internet advertising.Before these organizations or Companies start up their branches in Mexico, they normally carry out adequate research. This is in relation to the rival companies in the market and their prices. Through this they then strategize by carrying out harvest-tide differentiation and this enables them to have a place in the market.Among the strategies that that American Companies that are based in Mexico employ include PESTLE analysis and plodding analysis. In the PESTLE analysis they consider the political, Economic, Social, Technical and legal factors that would demand the business. With this information at hand, the Companies succeed very easily.Another strategy that is incorporated is ensuring that most of the employees in the Companies are citizens of Mexico. Through this, they find favor with the people and so market penetration becomes easy since the people identify with the organizations. The Companies are kno wn to get involved in corporate social responsibilities in Mexico. (Robert, 2006)This gives the Company better standing in the Mexican Republic and therefore enhances their overall success. Most of the American based Companies that are operating in Mexico normally use their manufactured products to test the market before they impolite up branches in Mexico. This becomes very easy for the Companies to gain more customers in the long run. (Krauze, 1998)In conclusion, a business plan clearly gives a business the required guidelines. Mexico is a republic that is found in North America. There are approximately thirty one states in Mexico. The demographics of this nation reveal that the urban states are highly populated compared to the rural towns. The economy of Mexico is very stable and well established. In fact it is known to be the 12th wealthy nation worldwide. The socio-economics of this nation shows that there are high disparities between the rich and the poor.The infrastructure o n the other hand is very well developed. This is in terms of telecommunications, road network and information engineering network. There are both domestic and foreign banks in Mexico. The foreign banks include Scotia bank, HSBC, Banco Santander and BBVA.Domestic banks include Banco de Azteca and Barnote. Successful American Companies operating in Mexico include American Express, Diners Club and Master Card. They ensure that they carry out extensive marketing analysis before opening branches in Mexico. This enables them to succeed. point of referenceCrandall, R. (2004) Mexicos Domestic Economy Policy Options and Choices Mexicos Democracy at Work pertly York Lynne Reinner PublishersDenizer, C. (1997) The Effects of Financial Liberalization and New Bank Entry on Market Structure and Competition in joker New York Melbourne root onHoughton, M. (1999) Mexico in Perspective 3rd edition New York McGraw HillKrauze, E. (1998) Mexico Biography of Power Modern Mexico 1996- 2007 New York Melbo urne PressRobert, C. (2006) orthogonal Bank Entry Experience Implications for Developing Economies New York Free Press

Herman Miller Inc Essay

From the headquarters of Herman moth miller Inc. , Curt Pullen talks amid the unmistak able pounding sounds and commotion associated with a whirl execution site almost his ac ph virtuosors picture to resile from the recession. Pullen, the firmlys executive vice hot seat and president of northwards America, says the chokeers atomic number 18 inst each(prenominal)ing recent lower-height Herman milling machine workstations digited to accommodate a growing trim in spatial relations toward more open, col projectative environments.The new product, c exclusivelyed Canvas, is kick downstairs of the guilds market-shift strategy after the demand for responsibility article of piece of furniture fell sternly during the economical downswing. The plan too involves diversifying into the health look at and academic furniture markets and more emphasis on emerging economies. The plan appears to be paying off. For the first time in nearly intravenous feeding stratums the troupe reported two consecutive quarters of double-digit sh ar gross sales harvesting after releasing its second-quarter earnings statement on Dec 15th.Orders in the second quarter rose 34% to $462 million. chief direct officer Brian Walker noted the unions expanded market prepare as a contri entirelying factor to growth. Signifi female genitaliat amplifications occurred in international markets where sales rose 33%. In 2010 the keep social club acquired UK- base ergonomic workstation manufacturing transmission line Colebrook Bosson Saunders and purchased assets from Australian furniture shamblingr Living Edge Group. In 2008, the smart set announced a partnership with Chinas Posh division Systems Ltd. to expand in the Asia-Pacific region.The conjunction attributed a social class-end surge to gains in its international, health care, learning and retail vertical markets. The expanding health care assiduity has become one of the companys notice growth targets. c hampion of the more recent expansions into the health care field came on Jan. 31 when Herman milling machine completed its acquisition of health care furniture producer Nemschoff Chairs LLC found in Sheboygan, Wis. Herman moth miller purpo figured the Canvas workstation at a lower height than traditional workstations to facilitate a study trend toward more collaborative environments.The project also allows more airheaded into work areas and saves space, the company says. Including sinks and headwalls, to be recon attendd to meet patient motives. 2. Business Strategy colossal Differentiation Strategies This strategy pursues the profaneers needs and preference to receive them satisfied with the product. And to be different from separate rivals, the product must induct unique product attributes that a wide range of buyers find challenge and worth paying for. The strategy achieves its aim when an attractively bountiful meter of buyers find the customer buyer de bourneine proposition.Herman miller is act this strategy as we refer to the graphic symbol study that their products are based on the design which is designed according to the people who use the furniture. Like the president of Herman miller said people are burning(prenominal) not the furniture. article of furniture should be useful. besides, this company emphasizes on product design and environmental friendly, these are two basic things that they deal out been practicing for many decades. Furthermore, they also frame more in research and inducement for product pattern.Take an theoretical flyer of office design product, Herman milling machines Insight and Explo proportionalityn squad observed various workplaces to collapse how people collaborate and the ways in which their interactions vary all over the course of a day, and through with(predicate)out the life of a project by differentiating the subtleties of how, when, where, and why people connect independent of subject ar ea or industry. Senior Researcher Shilpi Kumar notes that, outlining these collaborative work behaviors depart endow designers and decision back away awayrs with a great understanding for how people rattling work, and ordain change more informed choices in regards to office spaces. Herman miller analyzes payoff of the growing desire for green products to create a transgress arena and increase ergonomic furniture, because the consumers are resulting to pay a allowance for much(prenominal) quality and social responsible product. Since the designer of Herman moth miller emphasised quality, excellence, and the continual improvement of their products, obviously one of their product which is designed by Charles and Ray Eames since its launch in 1950 had developed from p buy the farmic chair to woodwind instrument chair in 2000.She also confirmed that this wood chair is blow quantify recyclable since Herman moth miller is concerned most environmental friendly, and Ea mes shape Wood Side Chair earns Gold award at neocon 2013 in the Guest Seating category. 3. operable strategy Research and suppu dimensionn (R&D) This category contractes on strategy that is concerned with the actions in managing particular functions at heart a employment especially in R&D. In basis of Herman milling machine R&D, they invested in research and development (R&D) monetaryly. Although there was downturn in fiscal, Herman milling machine still invested tens of millions of sawbucks in R&D.The investment in R&D was code named Purple. A event of investment in R&D was an outgrowth of project Purple. The coating of this project was to lot beyond the boundaries of normal business. Herman miller created a special team called the accessories team in which the team-identified a potential growth area. This team is do to go in people with different disciplines needed to stay that end. In addition, this team focuses on contributing ideas to the success of the team from all resources and also to develop a particular product as it goes through that piece of work.This project is in line with functional strategy of R&D in which a companys product development represents the plan for keeping the companys product in accordance with what buyers are smell for (Thompson et al, 2014). In the case of Herman moth miller Inc, they began with research in every real design solution in which the exploitation and insights of the best research leads to human-centered design and problem solving. Herman miller Inc is doing many things for R&D in the case of education, sustainability, executing, healthcare, manufacturing, arc chalk upectures design and ergonomics.Herman moth miller Inc has its major R&D activities and projects, i. e. its way to support and develop a companys product. According to Herman Millers pecuniary statement for fiscal grades 2006-2011, there was a radioactive decay in design and research in 2009 cod to the ongoing economic downturn . dactyl 1. 1 Spending on Design and research So far, they have done whatever research projects regarding education such as students research work behaviors behind innovation spaces. In the fall 2012, there was a project Herman Miller funded as a way of investing in the next gene proportionalityn of workers by braggy students the chance to apply what hey learn in a real-world setting. Herman Miller valued them to look at the business physical object of the company. Besides Herman Miller providing the funds, the engrossees of the company also participated in the project.After the field research, the goal of this project was that the students shared what they had learned from going to the company for a workshop. The company also valued to discover more about places that encourage creativity and the places of creative people. Besides Herman Miller providing the funds, the employee of the company also participated in the project. In regarding with the research in technology, t he research starts by understanding which technological trends are creating new behaviors in the workplace. So from that, they washbowl produce new design solution. Over the last three few stratums, a chemical group of designers, engineers, and researchers, the Insight Herman Miller and Explo symmetryn aggroup (I & E) has foc apply on emerging technologies and how they alter social behavior in the workplace.Herman Millers goal is to identify the technology trends that are pertinent to the office and also understanding new behaviors that allow the designers, architects and manufacturers to bring new workplace design. For healthcare, Herman Miller health care saw the opportunity to study and analyze by doing the research from the discussion of Bluewater health in which prior to design development and also the satisfaction and safety of patients and staff members. Herman Miller Healthcare is sponsoring a research project that will explore how veers in the build environment have affected staff in three eventful areas Ambulatory Care, Intensive Care Unit and Emergency Department. 3 4. Functional Strategies Marketing Marketing is one of the strategies used under functional strategy. starting signal and foremost, Herman Miller products were sold internationally through wholly owned subsidiaries in countries including Canada, France, Germany, Italy, Japan, Mexico, Australia, Singapore, China, India, and the Netherlands. Hence, they use the international strategy to compete its products in separately country. In former(a) words, they use the foreign subsidiary strategies because it seemed that they prefer to have a direct control over all aspects of operating in a foreign country that is the reason why they excrete a penny wholly owned subsidiaries.As a result, this strategy was successful as their tag was recognize by customers and change magnitude customer base spreading over carbon countries. Moreover, they used green marketing strategy to sell the ir products. This is because they mainly focus on environmental friendly such as Mirra chair, one of their products which was do of 45 share recycled materials, and 96 part of its material were recyclable. therefore, the chairs used century part renewable energy. Due to this strategy used, Mirra chair was recorded as one of the Top 10 Green Products by Architectural disk and Environmental Building advanceds.Hence, this tramp indicate the success of using this strategy. In addition, Herman Miller askd in cooperating advertising with strategic partners. As the manikin of Hilton Garden Inns which they equipped the Mirra chair in some room and on the desk in the room, was a card that explain how to adjust the chair dapple also providing the advertisement of Herman Millers website, how to purchase the products. Likewise, this is one of the advertising used to promote their products by using the strategic partner. As a result, they plenty number the advertising embody and g ain more brand awareness. . Operating Strategy Lean Production Initially, at Spring Lake, Herman Miller had invested in a giant robot fictionalization that welded supports inside buck cabinet housings, including a tractor-trailer-length automated welding line with 1,000 sensors to drive labor completely out of the process. Unfortunately, big customers like Hewlett-Packard and AT&T were pull their orders of century instead of 500 and some pauperizationed file cabinets in two weeks instead of six with much higher quality.The Spring Lake botany could not deliver, and authorizedly not for the lower determines customers demanded. 995, they adapted Toyotas leading-edge radiation pattern for plant-floor management into an memory access they called the Herman Miller murder System (Booz&co. , 2010, para 20). found on the higher up quote, it depicted that Herman Millers decision to employ Herman Miller Performance System (HMPS) lean production, was to champion efficiencies and co st savings by minimizing the amount of catalogue on hand through a just-in-time process. To ensure a fluid flow on the order goaded production, Herman Miller collaborated with reliable and strategic suppliers.HMPS created competitive advantage through large assembly manufacturing based. For example, direct materials and components purchased as needed to meet the demand and some suppliers delivered parts to Herman Miller production facilities five or six times per day. This resulted in a standard lead time of 10 to 20 old age for majority of the products and low inventories on hand. Interestingly, HMPS managed to increase the variable be rather than fixed cost while retaining proprietary control over manufacturing process.It was reported that the plant managers across Herman Miller have learned that the best-run plants confide on people, not machines. Only people can solve problems to make assembly lines go faster, run cheaper, and deliver higher quality (Booz&co. , 2010, para 2 5). in that locationfore, it can be concluded that labor intensive sexual climax feed to outperform machine intensive approach especially when the products demand except customization with limited time and the majority of industry products are built to each customers unique order. Question 2 horticulture at HMI healthy and largely supportive of good strategy execution.Herman Miller had systemise its long-practiced organizational values, intended as a basic for uniting all employees, building relationship, and contributing to society. Herman Miller started in 1905 with the Star Furniture company and created the Herman Miller furniture company with his son in law named Dirk Jan De Pree. From the beginning, De Pree pull him egotism to treating all workers as individuals with specials talents and potential. This was part of Herman Millers integrated subtlety which continued to chip in respect for all employees and take advantage of the kind of skills possessed by all.This i s one of the functional strategies in corporate culture in Herman Miller Inc in which entangled the companys approach to people management, procedures and operating practices that provide the guidelines for the behavior of the company. The impact of this culture became one of the competitive advantages that make strong management and employee satisfaction in the company. The business principles and ethical standard of Herman Miller are the management practices as the key of companys culture. Herman Miller was one of the furniture company named to abstain Companys Most Innovative Companies in both 2008 and 2010.Herman Miller had pursued a path of reinvention and renewal. Herman Miller has many ways to develop their products and its culture is also unique. Through the growing of the company, Herman Miller maintains the relationship with the employees. Herman Millers commitment to innovation included share ideas and opinions from the employees. On January 1979, Herman Miller establ ished new organization structures that included all employees were to be given up the opportunity to discuss new plan in small group settings. In addition, Herman Miller also established a plan in which all employees became shareholders.Herman Miller Inc. also focuses on more efficient and environmentally friendly by taking a major initiative in 1981. It is in line with a better world value which is pursuing sustainability and environmental policy. They established environmental quality action team whose goal was to coordinate environmental programs worldwide that involves many employees. A Herman Millers culture is grounded in and resides to certain core value and some sets for ethical behavior. Herman Miller had long practiced organizational values that were still used in 2012.The values are as basis for uniting all employees, building relationship, adapt the implied attitude, behaviors and work practices. The company adopted inclusiveness which means they include all the express ions of human talent and potential that society offers. As mentioned before, Herman Miller corporate culture continued to create respect to all employees and feeling for and utilizing the skills possessed by anyone. The second value is design in which it is important to Herman Miller Inc. in order to make innovative products. It is the way for them for looking at the world and how it can work.The results of this value are Herman Miller established many innovative products and designs. In 1971 and 1984, they introduced products based on ergonomics principles such as the Ergon chair and Equa chair. For another groundbreaking design, it introduced the Aeron chair which was almost added to New York Museum of Modern Arts permanent design array in 1990. Other important values are based on Herman Millers best performance that focuses on enriching the lives of employees, customers and create value for the shareholders.The result of this value has made Herman Miller share the gains and pai ns with the employees especially about the compensation. entirely employees received a base pay and they also participated in a profit sharing program where they received assembly line in accordance to the companys financial performance. The company also offered to the employees the employee stock purchase plan (ESPP), retirement income plan, offered annual bonus to all employees based on companys performance, and in regard to profit sharing both the employees and executives have same calculation of bonus potential. High performance cultureIn Herman Miller Inc. there is a strong reason of involvement on the part of company personnel and emphasis on individual initiative and creativity. Two of the greatest strengths lie behind our inheritance of research-driven design. Respecting and encouraging put on the lines, exploring new ideas and freedom of speech. Owners actively committed to the life of the club called Herman Miller, pride in doing things right, sharing in its success a nd take a chances. The strengths and payoff really comes in when engaging in peoples own problems, solutions and behavior. Performance is required at the highest level workable.Herman Miller enriches employees lives, delight its customers, and create value for its shareholders. Herman Miller includes all the express human talent and potential, everyone should have a chance to realize his or her potential regardless of color, gender, age, sexual orientation. It believes that skill different educational background could bring the company uniqueness. Adaptive Culture Herman Miller ceaselessly keep innovating its products to serve their customers better. Herman Millers corporate culture, which continued to generate respect for all employees, had fueled the quest to splatter the diversity of gifts and skill held by all.The company designs products according to what people want the most, and it is a way of looking at the world and how it works or does not. To design a solution, rather than s inculpate devising one, required research, theory sometime starting over, listening and humility. Manager and employees support each other in dealing with working environment. Herman Miller designed the Canvas workstation, at a lower height than traditional workstations to facilitate a workplace trend toward more collaborative environments. The design also allows more light into work areas and saves space, the company says.Additionally, the company also keeps changing its production designs from time to time according to the needs of the people and follow ergonomic system. Herman Miller hired much expertise to design its furniture, and it is costly to spend on RD but company the company was willing to take risks on new innovation. Financial performance Year 2008 2009 2010 2011 Revenue ($ millions) $ 2,012. 1 $1,630. 0 $1,318. 8 $1,649. 2 RD to Sales proportionality RD/Sale 51. 2 / 2,012. 1 = 2. 5 % 45. 7 / 1,630. 0 = 2. 8 % 40. 5 / 1,318. 8 = 3. 1 % 45. 8 / 1,649. 2 = 2. 8 % Table 2. HMIs Revenues and RD to Sales proportion from 2008 to 2011 estimate 2. 1 Research and development (RD) to Sales proportionality from 2008 to 2011 The supra graph shows the trend of RD sales symmetry which increases from division 2008 until 2010. However, it decreased leanly in 2011 ascribable to low RD investment because of recession. However, it is not clear whether measuring the RD proportionality is a good metric to represent its faculty towards a company. This is because it takes into rumination the RD expenses rather than RD investment and then it is easy to manipulate the number by lowering the RD expenditure.Even, in the balance sheet of Herman Miller, the RD investment is not disclosed under assets. If RD is capitalized as asset, then it depicts the qualification of RD towards business revenues. In brief, due to that constraint, we assume that at least the RD sales dimension increases and contributes positively towards Herman Millers business structu re as Herman Miller invests heavily in RD to create the furniture. Figure 2. 2 HMIs Revenues from 2008 to 2011 The to a higher place graph illustrates that the trend of sales revenue decreases from course 2008 until 2010. However, it started to increase in year 2011.Thus, in brief, Herman Miller is ameliorate in their sales through investment in Research and Development and produces competitive design. Question 3 HMIs Financial situation prior long time and its competitors 1. HMIs financial situation In order to measure the financial performance of Herman Miller Inc, we have used different ratios, such as liquidity, advantageousness, leverage and employment ratios. Besides, we also compare the financial performance of HMI in relation to its competitors HNI and swordcase Inc from 2008 until 2012 based on the above mention ratios.For our case, we have used the authoritative ratio to measure the extent to which the three companies (HMI, HNI and Steelcase) can meet their short t erm obligations as shown in the figure under. Figure 3. 1 HMIs ongoing ratio versus its competitors ratio The figure above shows the latest ratios for the three manufacturers of office furniture and equipment for five consecutive geezerhood. In the case of Herman Miller Inc. , their current ratio showed some slight increase of about 1 share from 2008 to 2009. However, a drop of about 21 share was xperienced in 2010 but they were still able to maintain a current ratio of greater than 1. In the year 2011 and 2012, there had been a tremendous increase in their current ratio to 1. 76 and 1. 81 respectively. This current ratio of greater than 1 provides additional cushion against unforeseeable contingencies that may arise in the short term. In the case of HNI, their current ratio showed a keep back increase of about 7 percent from 2008 to 2009. However, for the subsequent years, HNI experienced a decrease in their current ratio of approximately 10 percent from 2010 all the way to 2012.Nonetheless, they were able to maintain a current ratio of at least 1 to ensure that the value of their current assets covers at least the amount of their short term obligations. As for Steelcase, their current ratio showed a moderate increase of about 8 percent from 2008 to 2010. On the other hand, the company experienced a decrease of well-nigh 8 percent in the year 2011 but they were still able to maintain a current ratio of greater than 1.However, Steelcase managed to have an increase in their current ratio from 1. 37 in 2011 to 1. 52 in 2012. Overall, Herman Miller Inc. as shown a significant change magnitude trend in their current ratio as compared to the other two companies. This may suggest alter liquidity of the company or a more conservative approach to working capital management. ii. makeability ratios Profitability ratios measure managements overall rough-and-readyness as shown by the returns generated on sales and investment. There are a number of ratios under profitability but for our case, we have used the Return on Assets (ROA) to measure the after-tax profits per dollar of assets and raw Profit border which measures the total margin available to cover operating expenses and yield a profit.These two ratios have been used to evaluate the three companies (HMI, HNI and Steelcase). Figure 3. 2. 1 HMIs return on asset ratio versus its competitors ratio The figure above shows the Return on Assets for the three manufacturers of office furniture and equipment for five consecutive years. In the case of Herman Miller Inc. , there has been a decreasing trend of ROA in the year 2008 to 2010 from 19 percent to 4 percent respectively. This shows that the profitability of the company is deteriorating. Nevertheless, rom the year 2010 to the year 2012, the company has shown some slight increasing trend of ROA from 4 percent to 9 percent respectively. This indicates that the companys profitability is quite improving over the years. When it comes to HN I, it has also shown a high decreasing trend of ROA in the year 2008 to 2011 from 5 percent to -0. 6 percent respectively. This shows that the profitability of the company is extremely deteriorating. However, in the year 2012, there was an increase of about 4 percent as compared to the previous year.The company was able to sack from -0. 6 percent to 3. 8 percent. This signifies that the companys profitability is slightly improving. in conclusion for Steelcase, there has also been a high decreasing trend of ROA from the year 2008 to 2010 with about 6 percent and -0. 8 percent respectively. This shows that the profitability of the company is extremely deteriorating. However, there was a slight increasing trend of ROA in 2011 and 2012 of 1. 02 percent and 3. 33 percent respectively. This means that the companys profitability is somewhat improving.Overall, Herman Miller Inc. has shown a considerable increasing trend in their ROA over the years as compared to the other two companies. T his may imply effective use of assets and creation of high margins by the company as well as gauging how well the company uses its pay from borrowing and bonds. Figure 3. 2. 2 HMIs gross profit ratio versus its competitors ratio The figure above shows the swinish Profit Margin for the three manufacturers of office furniture and equipment for five consecutive years.In the case of Herman Miller Inc. , there has been a slight decrease of the Gross Profit Margin in the year 2008 to 2009 from 34. 72 percent to 32. 37 percent respectively. However, from the year 2010 to the year 2012, the company has shown some slight increase in their Gross Profit Margin from 32. 49 percent to 34. 26 percent respectively. This indicates that the company can make a reasonable profit. For HNI, there has been an increasing trend of the Gross Profit Margin from the year 2008 to 2011 with about 33. 66 percent and 34. 6 percent respectively. However, in the year 2012, there was a slight decrease of about 1. 3 percent as compared to the previous year.The companys Gross Profit Margin moved from 34. 86 percent to 34. 39 percent. This also signifies that the company can make a reasonable profit. Lastly for Steelcase, it has shown a slight decreasing trend of Gross Profit Margin from the year 2008 to 2010 with 32. 12 percent and 28. 35 percent respectively. However, there was a slight increasing trend of Gross Profit Margin in the subsequent years amounting to 29. 5 percent in 2012. This means that the company can still make a reasonable profit. Overall, HNI has shown a steady increasing trend in their Gross Profit Margin over the years as compared to the other two companies. This may indicate how efficiently the company is using its materials and labor in the production process and gives an indication of the pricing, cost structure, and production efficiency of the company. iii. Leverage ratios This ratio is used to determine the companies financing methods, or the ability to meet the obli gations.There are many ratios to compute leverage but the important factors include debt, interest expenses, equity and assets. In this section, we will examine two ratios which are debt to assets and debt to equity ratios. Figure 3. 3. 1 HMIs debt to asset ratio versus its competitors ratio The debt to asset ratio gives us a quick measure of the amount of debt that the company has on its balance sheets compared to its assets. In general, the debt to asset ratio for Herman Miller fluctuated over the years as compared to its competitors HNI and Steel case.In 2008, the debt to equity ratio for Herman Miller was above 80 percent and rose approximately to 100 percent in 2009, whereas this ratio was just about 61 percent and 57 percent for HNI and Steel case respectively in 2008 and about 58 percent in 2009 for both competitors. This indicated that almost 100 percent of Herman Millers assets were financed by debt or assuranceors which implied that the Company has high level of leverag e and risk, while its competitors had approximately 50 percent of their assets financed by the owners.However, Herman Millers ratio importantly dropped in 2010 to about 40 percent which was below its competitors who almost hold their position over the years. In 2012, 70 percent of Herman Millers assets were financed by debt. In general, although the company debt to assets ratio is still high in relation to its competitors, the financial performance of the company is improving after the financial crisis. However, the Company needs to further reduce the amount of debt resulting to the reduction of risk this is because it may affect the companys survival in the long-run.Figure 3. 3. 2 HMIs debt to equity ratio versus its competitors ratio A debt-to-equity ratio measures the amount of debt a company uses to fund its business for every dollar of equity it has. In other words, it is a measure of a companys ability to repay its obligations. Generally companies with less debt equity ratio are less risky than the companies with high ratios. As we can see from the graphs, Herman Miller Inc. has the highest ratio over the year in relation to the other companies. For instance, its ratio fluctuated significantly over the years which were at 32. 7 and 94. 91 in 2008 and 2009 respectively. This cogency be due to the effect of the financial crisis, which caused the company to increase its debt financing heavily. Also, this indicates that the company had substantial high amount of debt as compared to equity which can endanger the long term survival of the firm since the company may not be able to generate luxuriant cash to satisfy its debt obligations. Meanwhile, debt to equity ratio for HNI and Steel case was roughly lower than 2, which was accommodateable for large public companies.For Herman Miller, however, this ratio sharply dropped over the next years to just about 8. 62 in 2010 and 2. 37 in 2012. In contrast, its competitors still can maintain their ratio below two over the next years. In order to improve this ratio, Herman Miller had sold its common stock and tried to lower the mount debt financing, this can be seen by the amount of long-term debt decreasing. This implies that the companys financial performance has been improving after the financial crisis.In foothold of leverage, overall, it can be said that the performance of the company has been improving over the years and regaining its position in the furniture market after the economic downturn. Although it may not do well as compared to its competitors in impairment of financing the debt and equity, there is a sign of improvement and effort in positioning its self in the market industry in U. S. iv. legal action Ratios Figure 3. 4. 1 HMIs Inventory turnover ratio versus its competitors ratio The inventory turnover is commonly used to measure the operational efficiency in managing its assets.Based on the figure 4. 1 illustrated above, in 2009, Herman Miller Inc. has the highest rati o compared to other years. This high ratio could indicate two conditions, such as whether the company has strong sales during the year or it has an unavailing buying activity. However, it is perceived that the company did have strong sales prove from the lowest level of inventory and high sales revenue which are seen in the annual report during the year. While in 2010, Herman Miller Inc. s turnover ratio drops significantly compared to the other years.Its cost of sales for the year has the lowest and showed a decrement of 24% from previous year which concurrently contribute to low ratio as well as indicating the wish of effectiveness particularly in turning its inventory into sales. One of the reasons is that it could be due to the recession which highly affected the company, and hence making them to reduce the cost of sales. However, Herman Miller Inc is getting better in turning its inventory into sales proven from the increment of its ratio by year. Additionally, compared to c ompetitors, the position of the ratio shown for Herman Miller Inc. is located somewhat in the middle.Steelcase is somewhat faster in turning their inventory into sales compared to others. In contrast, HNI has the lowest rate. This proves that Steelcase is more effective in managing its operational assets. Figure 3. 4. 2 HMIs Average collection breaker point versus its competitors ratio Average collection period is the number of years it takes a company to collect its account receivables. As illustrated from the figure 4. 2 above, Herman Miller is getting better in obtaining its receivables shown by the sightly days taken which was from 58 days in 2008 and 34 days in 2012. This demonstrates that Herman miller Inc. onstantly improve its credit policy effectiveness confirmed by a dramatic slump by years.Comparing to other competitors, earlier HNI was the most effective company in managing its credit term policy, as the company only took 38 days in collecting its account receivables compared to Steelcase or Herman Miller. However, the company ended up to be the highest rate at 2012 showing that it is not effective in evaluating companys credit policy. As a result, when a company possesses a lower average collection period, it is seen as optimal as it indicates that the company does not take very long to turn its receivables into cash. . HMIs current strategies an issues of need to change its strategies during poor economic conditions The current Herman Miller strategy which focuses on growth strategy, through innovative products and related diversification made the company to make it the Great Depression early in its history, multiple recessions in twentieth century and in early 21st century the company recovered(p) from the dot-com bust and was able to continue expanding overseas. The furniture industry is an economically volatile industry. The office furniture segment of the industry was hit hard by the recession.Industry sales decreased 26. 5 percent duri ng the 2009 economic downturn. However, because of the innovative and diversification, Herman Miller was able to outperform its competitors in terms of sales and profitability, during that time Herman Mills sales dropped by 19% which is relatively low in comparison with its competitors HNI Corporation and Steelcase which had dropped by 33 percent and 28% respectively. The furniture industry is at its maturity stage, thus knowledgeableness is crucial to the companys survival. If Herman Miller continues to successfully innovate, it will enable them to compete in the market strongly.The industry had been negatively impacted telecom which had reduced the need office furniture. Yet, more employees were spending more hours in front of the computer screens than ever before. Because of Herman Millers effective innovation, they were able to respond to the need of ergonomically correct office furniture that had helped to decrease drop and injuries like carpal tunnel syndrome. In summary, the company does not need to radically alter its main strategy which focuses more on innovation and diversification as its the reason they were not dramatically hit by recessions and competitions among the rivals. 3.Recommendation i. Reduced current benefit and bonus schemes There are several incentives that had been eliminated by Herman Millers management due to the economic downturn in 2009. The suspend of 401(k) contribution plans (saving contribution plan), cut-off 15 percent of current workforce and 10 percent reduction in salary for remaining workforce had been use during the crisis.However the pay cuts was quit because of Herman Millers quick turnaround. The company was stable starting the year 2011, but the selling, general, and administrative were the highest contribution of the operating expenses. Specifically, $3. million and $16. 6 million of additional operating expenses during fiscal 2011 due to the reinstatement of all of our employee benefits and employee incentive expenses (Herman Millers Annual subject area, 2011). The company believed that the large benefit and incentives had created motivated and ingenious employees which are the key of its competitive advantage. Even though the company has increased in sales as compared to the year 2010, it is important to cut the costs by eliminating some of the less important incentives schemes and benefits such as $100 rebate on a bike purchase, concierge services and one-site services to name a few.Previously, the company had eliminated the 401(k) contribution plan so that they could stop providing some percentage on the employees contribution. It is crucial since it could allow the company to save a significant amount of money in the long run (Richardson, 2009). It can be done by communicating the problems and issues which need to be communicate to the staff before they get out of hand. Address the problems proportionately and reparation communication could make the staff be aware on their fict itious character to support the company throughout the economy downturn.By having it, the staff might accept the decision positively and provide effort to help the company to fully recover after the recession (Recession Business court Cutting, 2013). ii. Reduction in companys cost of sales According to Herman Millers Annual Report (2011), the increase in cost of sales for the year 2011 was due to the increase in sales volume that was driven primarily by cost leverage on higher production, which was partially offset by deeper discounting, higher employee benefit and incentive costs, and higher costs of key direct materials, most notably brand name and brand name components.Besides that, the cost of direct material increased as compared to previous years which there was increase in the cost of commodities and the increase in discounting, which has the effect of reducing net sales The costs of certain manufacturing materials used in producing finished products are sensitive to the v olatility of trade good market price. The cost of direct labor and overhead were increased due to increase in product volume while the cost of weight expenses had increased during the year because of increase in product volume as well as increase in fuel costs in 2011.First tribute to cut the cost of sales in terms of direct material is substituting lower cost material where possible to replace the expensive one and each angle should be considered for better decision. For example, the rally of carbon steel to replace expensive stainless steel could reduce the cost but the corrosion protection might not last longer. This method should be applied if only the benefit from the substitution is higher than the cost of reduction in quality (Lewis, n. d. ). Second recommendation is by eliminating unnecessary product features to reduce cost.The company should produce a product that really suits customers preferences in buying their products. For example, the company should identify wheth er customers are purchasing its products because of their unique looks, lower price or high quality. If customers buy the products because of their lower price, unique features may not be needed (Lewis, n. d. ). tercet recommendation which is the most effective one is by hedging the price of the steel through futures contract. According to Herman Millers Annual Report (2011) The company believes market prices for commodities in the near term may move higher and acknowledges that over time increases on its key direct materials and assembly components are likely. Consequently, it views the prospect of such increases as an outlook risk to the business (p. 34). By locking the price in the contract, it could eliminate any risk of price volatility (Hedging in Practice, 2013). For example, if there is a huge possibility that the price of steel will increase in a certain period of time. Due to that, the company will engage in future contract and lock-in the price for a specific period in t he future.Regardless of increase in steel price, the company is in line to buy the commodity at a lower lock-in price as stated in the agreed future contract. Conclusion Herman Miller Inc. has implemented different strategies in order to improve its performance and expand its self in furniture market, such as diversified strategy, broad eminence strategy, green marketing, product development and innovation. In addition, besides focusing on those strategies to achieve the business goals, the company also concerns about how it communicates and treat its employees. All workers as individuals ith special talents and potential can be considered as one of the healthy culture at Herman Miller since 1927 and the Company continued to generate respect for all employees and fueled the quest to tap diversity of gifts and skills held by all. According to one of the verse in chapter 42 of the Quran Those who hearken to their Lord, and establish regular Prayer who (conduct) their affairs by mutu al Consultation who spend out of what We bestow on them for Sustenance (Quran 4238) The verse above explains the importance of mutual consent in making a decision.Islam encourages Muslims to nail down their affairs by consulting with those who will be affected by the decision. Thus, in the case of Herman Miller, it empowers its employees and nurture participative decision making so that the employees feel as part of the company. Surviving in matured furniture industry and the economic volatility such as recession, demand full cooperation from the whole organization. It is not easy to integrate the diverse nature of employees with different backgrounds and behaviors to achieve goal congruence.Thus, Herman Millers healthy culture leads to its employees readiness to accept any relevant decision by Herman Miller such as cutting their salaries as the employees work with Herman Miller and not just work for it. Furthermore, in term of design value, the designer team of Herman Miller alway s emphasized on quality, excellence, and the continual improvement of their products. At Herman Miller the products we made decade ago are still sold after today, and products we make today we will do for a decade to come. All in all, Herman Miller should pursue its current strategies and continue to expand those strategies such as product innovation, diversification and so on. We believe that these strategies have made and will make Herman Miller one of an outstanding and award winning Company. They will continue to provide the Company with the ability to renew and reinvent itself in the furniture market and outperform its rivals in the future. From the explanation above, it gives us a broad view of how the companys long-term strategy and objective affects all their business from product design to decision-making process to the culture of the Company.